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Journal Article
Community Action in Southern New Mexico
Community Development, Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas (2010)
The national Community Action program began in the 1960s to serve as a focal point in local communities for the war on poverty. Programs were established in a majority of counties across the U.S., including some in rural areas. Many programs continue to thrive today, and in mostly rural southern New Mexico, a highly productive Community Action Agency is paving the way to financial stability and success for thousands of low-income working families.
e-Perspectives , Volume 10 , Issue 2

Journal Article
How will a credit crunch affect small business finance?
Udell, Gregory F. (2009)
This Economic Letter explores how the credit crunch might affect small business access to finance. While it is not possible to know how severe this credit crunch will become, researchers can explore how the crunch could affect small business finance. We begin our analysis by looking at how small businesses access external sources of finance. Then we consider how these sources might be affected by the crunch.
FRBSF Economic Letter

Speech
Brief remarks: a speech at the Meeting on Addressing the Financing Needs of Michigan's Small Businesses, Detroit, Michigan, June 3, 2010
Bernanke, Ben S. (2010)
Speech , Paper 526

Journal Article
Small business access to capital: alternative resources bridging the gap
Newberger, Robin G.; Longworth, Susan (2012-05)
Nationwide in the U.S. over the past 15 years, small businesses generated 64 percent of the net new job growth. Small businesses with fewer than 500 employees, a definition used by the Small Business Administration (SBA), represent 99.7 percent of all employer firms, and employ more than half of private sector employees in the United States. Firms with fewer than 50 employees represent 95 percent of all employer firms. Since the recession that began in late 2007, large bank lending to small businesses has fallen by more than 50 percent.
Profitwise , Issue May , Pages 2-13

Journal Article
Microfinance in good times and bad: Yankee ingenuity keeps microfinance strong
Harman, Gina; Royles, Matthew (2009-04)
With banks still facing challenges, alternative sources of credit are likely to play an increasingly important role in financing small businesses. The authors describe what ACCION USA has learned as its approach to microlending has evolved.
Communities and Banking , Issue Spr , Pages 12-14

Working Paper
The Community Reinvestment Act and small business lending in low- and moderate-income neighborhoods during the financial crisis
Reid, Carolina; Laderman, Elizabeth (2010)
Over the last three years, the financial crisis and ensuing recession have led to tectonic shifts in the availability of credit, especially for small businesses. Data show that the number of loans to small businesses has dropped from 5.2 million loans in 2007 to 1.6 million in 2009. This trend is of significant concern to policy-makers, particularly given the important role that small businesses play in the US economy. Making credit accessible to small businesses, therefore, is seen as a critical component of economic recovery. Despite this policy focus, however, few studies have documented ...
Community Development Working Paper , Paper 2010-05

Journal Article
A model law
Clement, Douglas (2006-03)
A newly drafted model law may help bring loans to Indian country.
Fedgazette , Volume 18 , Issue Mar

Journal Article
Securitization and small business
Wilcox, James A. (2011)
Small businesses have relied considerably on securitized markets for credit. The recent financial crisis led to a virtual cessation of securitization of some of the loans used by small businesses, such as commercial real estate mortgages, vehicle, and credit card loans. In addition, values of commercial and residential real estate, which small businesses often use as collateral for loans, dropped dramatically. As a consequence, small businesses may have experienced tighter credit conditions than larger businesses, which rely relatively less on those categories of loans and collateral.
FRBSF Economic Letter

Working Paper
The impact of student loan debt on small business formation
Ma, Shuwei; Cordell, Lawrence R.; Ambrose, Brent W. (2015-07-01)
Small businesses are the backbone of the U.S. economy and account for approximately one-half of the private-sector economy and 99% of all businesses. To start a small business, individuals need access to capital. Given the importance of an entrepreneur?s personal debt capacity in financing a startup business, student loan debt, which is difficult to discharge via bankruptcy, can have lasting effects and may have an impact on the ability of future small business owners to raise capital. This study examines the impact of the growth in student debt on net small business formation. We find a ...
Working Papers , Paper 15-26

Journal Article
Small business loans and small bank health
Laderman, Elizabeth (2012)
Total business loans under $1 million held by small U.S. banks continue to dwindle. Disproportionate negative growth at financially weak small banks has been an important factor in this decline. Loan volumes at strong small banks actually grew in 2011. The finding supports the view that supply conditions, not just tepid demand for credit, have affected bank lending to small businesses.
FRBSF Economic Letter

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