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Journal Article
Free versus fair trade: the dumping issue
Schiele, Karen; Klitgaard, Thomas (1998-08)
Trade liberalization has had little effect on the use of antidumping tariffs - tariffs imposed on imports judged by a government to be unfairly priced. As more countries resort to such tariffs, questions arise about the merits of this form of trade protection, particularly when other remedies are available to industries hurt by import competition.
Current Issues in Economics and Finance , Volume 4 , Issue Aug

Working Paper
Gravity-defying trade
Tenreyro, Silvana; Silva, J. M. C. Santos (2003)
Heteroskedasticity and the existence of zero values in bilateral-trade data lead to significant biases in standard estimations of the gravity equation. We propose a new estimation technique that addresses these problems, and provide novel estimates of the gravity equation. Three results stand out. First, contrary to general belief, income elasticities are significantly smaller than 1, suggesting modifications to standard trade models. Second, simple estimators of the gravity equation greatly exaggerate the roles of distance and colonial links. Finally, bilateral trade between countries that ...
Working Papers , Paper 03-1

Working Paper
On the dynamics of trade diversion: evidence from four trade blocs
McLaren, John; Freund, Caroline L. (1999)
This paper studies the dynamics of trade reorientation experienced when a country joins a regional trade bloc. We find that the joining country's trade orientation toward bloc countries typically rises along an `S'-shaped path. We estimate the size, speed, and timing of this adjustment path for a `typical' joining country, for four trade agreements. We find that, in the European Union (EU), the incumbent bloc countries' share of the joining country's trade typically rose by eighteen percentage points over the course of the adjustment; that this took twelve years; and that the adjustment began ...
International Finance Discussion Papers , Paper 637

Journal Article
NAFTA: fast forward?
Little, Jane Sneddon (1997-07)
Regional Review , Issue Sum , Pages 25-26

Working Paper
Spaghetti regionalism
Freund, Caroline L. (2000)
This paper examines the welfare implications of multiple free trade agreements in a model of imperfect competition. We show that free trade is the unique Nash equilibrium under the simple rule that any two countries can form a bilateral free trade agreement. Specifically, a country is always better off forming a bilateral trade agreement with every other country, irrespective of previous agreements. This suggests that each new preferential free trade agreement may be a step towards multilateral free trade.
International Finance Discussion Papers , Paper 680

Journal Article
The rising tide of protectionism
Forrestal, Robert P. (1987-03)
Economic Review , Issue Mar , Pages 4-10

Journal Article
A fork in the free-trade road
Wirtz, Ronald A. (2004-09)
Regional trade agreements are widespread and growing, and economists differ strongly on their ability to deliver global free trade
The Region , Volume 18 , Issue Sep , Pages 6-9, 48-53

Journal Article
U.S. trade-remedy laws: do they facilitate or hinder free trade?
Coughlin, Cletus C. (1991-07)
Review , Issue Jul , Pages 3-18

Journal Article
Regional effects of liberalized agricultural trade
Sigalla, Fiona (1992-04)
Fiona D. Sigalla explores the impact of free international trade in agriculture on individual states and the components of their agricultural sectors. Full multilateral trade liberalization would lower the cost of food and increase gross national product by encouraging reallocation of resources to more productive uses, Sigalla argues. She finds that free trade would have little or no effect on income in six states and that gross agricultural income would rise in six other states. Agricultural income would decline by 7 percent or more in fourteen states and by at least 2 percent in the ...
Economic and Financial Policy Review , Issue Q II , Pages 43-54

Journal Article
Trade liberalization in the Pacific Basin
Moreno, Ramon (1996)
FRBSF Economic Letter

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