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Working Paper
Designing Unemployment Insurance for Developing Countries
Espino, Emilio; Sanchez, Juan M.; Cirelli, Fernando (2020-09-10)
The high incidence of informality in the labor markets of middle-income economies challenges the provision of unemployment protection. We show that, despite informational frictions, introducing an unemployment insurance savings account (UISA) system may provide substantial benefits. This system improves welfare by providing insurance to the unemployed and creating incentives to work in the formal sector. The optimal scheme generates a reduction in unemployment (from 4 to 3 percent), an increase in formality (from 68 to 72 percent), and a rise in total output (by 4 percent). Overall, ...
Working Papers , Paper 2018-006

Working Paper
What Determines the Success of Housing Mobility Programs?
Martin, Hal; Aliprantis, Dionissi; Tauber, Kristen (2022-10-19)
This paper studies how design features influence the success of Housing Mobility Programs (HMPs) in reducing racial segregation. Targeting neighborhoods based on previous residents' outcomes does not allow for targeting race-specific outcomes, generates uncertainty when targeting income-specific outcomes, and generates bias in ranking neighborhoods' effects. Moreover, targeting opportunity bargains based on previous residents' outcomes selects tracts with large disagreements in current and previous residents' outcomes, with such disagreements predicted by sorting since 1990. HMP success is ...
Working Papers , Paper 20-36R

Working Paper
The Earned Income Tax Credit and Food Consumption Patterns
McGranahan, Leslie; Schanzenbach, Diane Whitmore (2013-11-30)
The Earned Income Tax Credit is unique among social programs in that benefits are not paid out evenly across the calendar year. We exploit this feature of the EITC to investigate how the credit influences the food expenditure patterns of eligible households. We find that eligible households spend relatively more on healthy items including fresh fruit and vegetables, meat and poultry, and dairy products during the months when most refunds are paid.
Working Paper Series , Paper WP-2013-14

Working Paper
Financial Repercussions of SNAP Work Requirements
Dodini, Samuel; Larrimore, Jeff; Tranfaglia, Anna (2022-05-24)
This paper considers the credit response of individuals after the implementation of new work requirements for Supplemental Nutrition Assistance (SNAP) benefits using a large nationally representative sample of credit records. It does so by exploiting county-level variation in the implementation of work requirements after the Great Recession in a difference-in-differences design. We find that the implementation of new SNAP work requirements leads more people to seek out new credit and leads to an increase in credit account openings. New work requirements also result in an increase in total ...
Finance and Economics Discussion Series , Paper 2022-030

Journal Article
Structural and Cyclical Trends in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program
Edmiston, Kelly D. (2018-01)
Participation in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) has increased sharply over the past 20 years. Average monthly participation grew from 17.3 million people in 2001 to a peak of 47.6 million people in 2013. Although participation declined somewhat as the economy recovered from the Great Recession, SNAP participation remains well above its pre-recession level. {{p}} Kelly D. Edmiston investigates the forces driving long-term patterns in SNAP participation as well as its cyclical variation. He finds that three structural factors?legislative and programmatic changes, poverty, ...
Economic Review , Issue Q I , Pages 59-81

Working Paper
Assessing the evidence on neighborhood effects from moving to opportunity
Aliprantis, Dionissi (2014-09-01)
Trying to learn about neighborhood effects from the Moving to Opportunity (MTO) housing mobility experiment by focusing on its program effects obfuscates the evidence on neighborhood effects from MTO. This paper shows that using Intent-to-Treat (ITT) and Treatment-on-the-Treated (TOT) program effects from MTO to indirectly draw conclusions about neighborhood effects (1) offers no advantage for learning about neighborhood effects over directly estimating neighborhood effects, and (2) answers an ill-posed question as a result of allowing central identifying assumptions to be made implicitly. ...
Working Papers (Old Series) , Paper 12-33R

Working Paper
Eviction Risk of Rental Housing: Does It Matter How Your Landlord Finances the Property?
Lopez, Luis; An, Xudong; Ambrose, Brent W. (2021-02-11)
We show, using a stylized model, how the ﬁnancing choice of landlords can impact eviction decisions in rental markets. Since multifamily loans rely on timely cash ﬂows from tenants, strict underwriting factors can increase the chances that landlords are able to weather income shocks. Lender provided relief may create further leeway for landlords to work out a deal with tenants who default on rental payments. Using comprehensive data on nationwide evictions in the U.S. and performance records on multifamily mortgages, we conﬁrm predictions from our model by documenting a negative ...
Working Papers , Paper 21-05

Discussion Paper
Benefits Cliffs and the Financial Incentives for Career Advancement: A Case Study of the Health Care Services Career Pathway
Altig, David E.; http://fedora:8080/fcrepo/rest/objects/authors/; http://fedora:8080/fcrepo/rest/objects/authors/; Ruder, Alexander (2020-01-03)
Benefits cliffs, which occur when earnings gains are offset by the loss of public benefits, have long been recognized to create financial disincentives for low-income individuals to earn more income. In this paper, the authors develop a new methodology to study benefits cliffs in the context of career advancement. The authors illustrate the change in net financial resources for an individual pursuing the health care services career pathway from certified nursing assistant (CNA) to licensed practical nurse (LPN) to registered nurse (RN). Accounting for increases in taxes and the loss of public ...
FRB Atlanta Community and Economic Development Discussion Paper , Paper 2020-1

Discussion Paper
What Works at Scale? A Framework to Scale Up Workforce Development Programs
Ruder, Alexander (2019-08-01)
Workforce development policymakers have access to a growing catalog of training programs evaluated with rigorous randomized controlled trials. This evidence base identifies programs that work in specific geographic and temporal contexts but may not necessarily work in other contexts or at a scale sufficient to meet regional workforce needs. The author examines a sample of recent randomized controlled trials of workforce development programs and reports to what extent this body of evidence informs policymakers about what works at scale. The author finds that most programs are implemented at a ...
FRB Atlanta Community and Economic Development Discussion Paper , Paper 2019-1

Working Paper
More Than Shelter: The Eﬀects of Rental Eviction Moratoria on Household Well-Being
An, Xudong; Gabriel, Stuart A.; Tzur-Ilan, Nitzan (2022-04-05)
We investigate the impact of 2020 COVID-19 rental eviction moratoria on household well-being. Analysis of new panel data indicates that eviction moratoria reduced evictions filings and resulted in redirection of scarce household ﬁnancial resources to immediate consumption needs, notably including food and grocery spending. We also ﬁnd that eviction moratoria reduced household food insecurity and mental stress, with larger effects evidenced among African American households. Findings suggest broad salutary effects of eviction moratoria during a period of widespread virus and economic ...
Working Papers , Paper 22-10

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