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Working Paper
Assessing Macroeconomic Tail Risks in a Data-Rich Environment
Cook, Thomas R.; Doh, Taeyoung (2019-11-20)
We use a large set of economic and financial indicators to assess tail risks of the three macroeconomic variables: real GDP, unemployment, and inflation. When applied to U.S. data, we find evidence that a dense model using principal components (PC) as predictors might be misspecified by imposing the “common slope” assumption on the set of predictors across multiple quantiles. The common slope assumption ignores the heterogeneous informativeness of individual predictors on different quantiles. However, the parsimony of the PC-based approach improves the accuracy of out-of-sample forecasts ...
Research Working Paper , Paper RWP 19-12

Journal Article
Alternative Indicators for Chinese Economic Activity Using Sparse PLS Regression
Groen, Jan J. J.; Nattinger, Michael (2020-10-01)
Official Chinese GDP growth rates have been remarkably smooth over the past decade, in contrast with alternative Chinese economic data. To better identify Chinese business cycles, we construct a sparse partial least squares (PLS) factor from a wide array of Chinese higher-frequency data, targeted toward variables that are highly correlated with important aspects of the Chinese economy. Our resulting alternative growth indicator clearly identifies Chinese business cycle fluctuations and it performs well both in out-of-sample testing for China as well as when applied to other economies. Using ...
Economic Policy Review , Volume 26 , Issue 4 , Pages 39-68

Working Paper
Testing for a housing bubble at the national and regional level: the case of Israel
Caspi, Itamar (2015-08-01)
Between 2008 and 2013, home prices in Israel appreciated by roughly 50 percent in real terms, with increases of nearly 60 percent in some regions. This paper examines whether this phenomenon reflects the presence of a national or regional housing bubble by applying econometric tests for explosive behavior to quality adjusted national and regional level data on the home price to rent ratio, while controlling for various fundamental factors, including interest rates, income and the leverage ratio. Overall, study results indicate that the recent housing price appreciations at the national and ...
Globalization Institute Working Papers , Paper 246

Working Paper
Impulse Response Functions for Self-Exciting Nonlinear Models
Francis, Neville; Owyang, Michael T.; Soques, Daniel (2023-08-29)
We calculate impulse response functions from regime-switching models where the driving variable can respond to the shock. Our focus is on nonlinear vector autoregressions with a variety of specifications for the transition function used throughout the literature. Using Monte Carlo simulations with different misspecifications, we identify the conditions under which impulse response function estimates exhibit significant bias. Furthermore, we extend the concept of model-average impulse responses to this nonlinear context and demonstrate their robustness to model misspecification. Applying these ...
Working Papers , Paper 2023-021

Report
On the Validity of Classical and Bayesian DSGE-Based Inference
Petrova, Katerina (2024-01-01)
This paper studies large sample classical and Bayesian inference in a prototypical linear DSGE model and demonstrates that inference on the structural parameters based on a Gaussian likelihood is unaffected by departures from Gaussianity of the structural shocks. This surprising result is due to a cancellation in the asymptotic variance resulting into a generalized information equality for the block corresponding to the structural parameters. The underlying reason for the cancellation is the certainty equivalence property of the linear rational expectation model.The main implication of this ...
Staff Reports , Paper 1084

Working Paper
Estimation of the discontinuous leverage effect: Evidence from the NASDAQ order book
Winkelmann, Lars; Neely, Christopher J.; Bibinger, Markus (2017-04-26)
An extensive empirical literature documents a generally negative correlation, named the ?leverage effect,? between asset returns and changes of volatility. It is more challenging to establish such a return-volatility relationship for jumps in high-frequency data. We propose new nonparametric methods to assess and test for a discontinuous leverage effect ? i.e. a relation between contemporaneous jumps in prices and volatility ? in high-frequency data with market microstructure noise. We present local tests and estimators for price jumps and volatility jumps. Five years of transaction data from ...
Working Papers , Paper 2017-12

Working Paper
Monitoring the world business cycle
Camacho, Maximo; Martinez-Martin, Jaime (2015-02-01)
We propose a Markov-switching dynamic factor model to construct an index of global business cycle conditions, to perform short-term forecasts of world GDP quarterly growth in real time and to compute real-time business cycle probabilities. To overcome the real-time forecasting challenges, the model accounts for mixed frequencies, for asynchronous data publication and for leading indicators. Our pseudo real-time results show that this approach provides reliable and timely inferences of the world quarterly growth and of the world state of the business cycle on a monthly basis.
Globalization Institute Working Papers , Paper 228

Report
A Jackknife Variance Estimator for Panel Regressions
Lopez Gaffney, Ignacio; Crump, Richard K.; Gospodinov, Nikolay (2024-10-01)
We introduce a new jackknife variance estimator for panel-data regressions. Our variance estimator can be motivated as the conventional leave-one-out jackknife variance estimator on a transformed space of the regressors and residuals using orthonormal trigonometric basis functions. We prove the asymptotic validity of our variance estimator and demonstrate desirable finite-sample properties in a series of simulation experiments. We also illustrate how our method can be used for jackknife bias-correction in a variety of time-series settings.
Staff Reports , Paper 1133

Report
The relationship between expected inflation, disagreement, and uncertainty: evidence from matched point and density forecasts
Rich, Robert W.; Tracy, Joseph (2006-07-01)
This paper examines matched point and density forecasts of inflation from the Survey of Professional Forecasters to analyze the relationship between expected inflation, disagreement, and uncertainty. We extend previous studies through our data construction and estimation methodology. Specifically, we derive measures of disagreement and uncertainty by using a decomposition proposed in earlier research by Wallis and by applying the concept of entropy from information theory. We also undertake the empirical analysis within a seemingly unrelated regression framework. Our results offer mixed ...
Staff Reports , Paper 253

Journal Article
Comparing Measures of Potential Output
Owyang, Michael T.; Guisinger, Amy Y.; Shell, Hannah (2018)
One of the goals of stabilization policy is to reduce the output gap?the difference between potential and actual output?during downturns. Potential output, however, is an unobserved variable whose definition can vary. For example, some view potential output as the level of output that can be produced when employment is at the natural rate. Others use trend measures of output to measure potential. We survey some of these measures using both full-sample data (all of the data that would be available through June 2017) and real-time data (the actual data that would have been available at ...
Review , Volume 100 , Issue 4 , Pages 297-316

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