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Working Paper
The Skewness of the Price Change Distribution : A New Touchstone for Sticky Price Models
Luo, Shaowen; Villar Vallenas, Daniel
(2017-03-10)
We present a new way of empirically evaluating various sticky price models used to assess the degree of monetary non-neutrality. While menu cost models uniformly predict that price change skewness and dispersion fall with inflation, in the Calvo model both rise. However, CPI price data from the late 1970's onwards shows that skewness does not fall with inflation, while dispersion does. We develop a random menu cost model that, with a menu cost distribution that has a strong Calvo feature, can match the empirical patterns found. The model therefore exhibits much more monetary non-neutrality ...
Finance and Economics Discussion Series
, Paper 2017-028
Working Paper
Is There an On-the-Run Premium in TIPS?
Christensen, Jens H. E.; Lopez, Jose A.; Shultz, Patrick
(2017-05-17)
In the U.S. Treasury market, the most recently issued, or so-called ?on-the-run,? security typically trades at a price above those of more seasoned but otherwise comparable securities. This difference is known as the on-the-run premium. In this paper, yield spreads between pairs of Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities (TIPS) with identical maturities but of separate vintages are analyzed. Adjusting for differences in coupon rates and values of embedded deflation options, the results show a small, positive premium on recently issued TIPS - averaging between one and four basis points - that ...
Working Paper Series
, Paper 2017-10
Working Paper
A Time Series Model of Interest Rates With the Effective Lower Bound
Johannsen, Benjamin K.; Mertens, Elmar
(2016-04-04)
Modeling interest rates over samples that include the Great Recession requires taking stock of the effective lower bound (ELB) on nominal interest rates. We propose a flexible time? series approach which includes a ?shadow rate??a notional rate that is less than the ELB during the period in which the bound is binding?without imposing no?arbitrage assumptions.{{p}}The approach allows us to estimate the behavior of trend real rates as well as expected future interest rates in recent years.
Finance and Economics Discussion Series
, Paper 2016-033
Working Paper
Macroeconomic Effects of Banking Sector Losses across Structural Models
Covas, Francisco; Kiley, Michael T.; Driscoll, John C.; Jahan-Parvar, Mohammad; Iacoviello, Matteo; Sim, Jae W.; Guerrieri, Luca; Queraltó, Albert
(2015-06-03)
The macro spillover effects of capital shortfalls in the financial intermediation sector are compared across five dynamic equilibrium models for policy analysis. Although all the models considered share antecedents and a methodological core, each model emphasizes different transmission channels. This approach delivers "model-based confidence intervals" for the real and financial effects of shocks originating in the financial sector. The range of outcomes predicted by the five models is only slightly narrower than confidence intervals produced by simple vector autoregressions.
Finance and Economics Discussion Series
, Paper 2015-44
Working Paper
How Persistent Are Unconventional Monetary Policy Effects?
Neely, Christopher J.
(2020-11-08)
This paper argues that one cannot precisely estimate the persistence of unconventional monetary policy (UMP) effects, especially with short samples and few observations. To make this point, we illustrate that the most influential model on the topic exhibits structural instability, and sensitivity to specification and outliers that render the conclusions unreliable. Restricted models that respect more plausible asset return predictability are more stable and imply that UMP shocks were persistent. Estimates of the dynamic effects of shocks should respect the limited predictability in asset ...
Working Papers
, Paper 2014-04
Working Paper
Raising an Inflation Target : The Japanese Experience with Abenomics
Iacoviello, Matteo; De Michelis, Andrea
(2016-05)
This paper draws from Japan?s recent monetary experiment to examine the effects of an increase in the inflation target during a liquidity trap. We review Japanese data and examine through a VAR model how macroeconomic variables respond to an identified inflation target shock. We apply these findings to calibrate the effect of a shock to the inflation target in a new-Keynesian DSGE model of the Japanese economy. We argue that imperfect observability of the inflation target and a separate exchange rate shock are needed to successfully account for the behavior of nominal and real variables in ...
International Finance Discussion Papers
, Paper 1168
Working Paper
How Robust Are Makeup Strategies to Key Alternative Assumptions?
Hebden, James; Topa, Giorgio; Winkler, Fabian; Tang, Jenny; Herbst, Edward
(2020-08-27)
We analyze the robustness of makeup strategies—policies that aim to offset, at least in part, past misses of inflation from its objective—to alternative modeling assumptions, with an emphasis on the role of inflation expectations. We survey empirical evidence on the behavior of shorter-run and long-run inflation expectations. Using simulations from the FRB/US macroeconomic model, we find that makeup strategies can moderately offset the real effects of adverse economic shocks, even when much of the public is uninformed about the monetary strategy. We also discuss the robustness of makeup ...
Finance and Economics Discussion Series
, Paper 2020-069
Working Paper
Random Walk Forecasts of Stationary Processes Have Low Bias
Lunsford, Kurt Graden; West, Kenneth D.
(2023-08-03)
We study the use of a zero mean first difference model to forecast the level of a scalar time series that is stationary in levels. Let bias be the average value of a series of forecast errors. Then the bias of forecasts from a misspecified ARMA model for the first difference of the series will tend to be smaller in magnitude than the bias of forecasts from a correctly specified model for the level of the series. Formally, let P be the number of forecasts. Then the bias from the first difference model has expectation zero and a variance that is O(1/P-squared), while the variance of the bias ...
Working Papers
, Paper 23-18
Working Paper
Financial Business Cycles
Iacoviello, Matteo
(2014-08-28)
Using Bayesian methods, I estimate a DSGE model where a recession is initiated by losses suffered by banks and exacerbated by their inability to extend credit to the real sector. The event triggering the recession has the workings of a redistribution shock: a small sector of the economy -- borrowers who use their home as collateral -- defaults on their loans. When banks hold little equity in excess of regulatory requirements, the losses require them to react immediately, either by recapitalizing or by deleveraging. By deleveraging, banks transform the initial shock into a credit crunch, and, ...
International Finance Discussion Papers
, Paper 1116
Working Paper
Inflation Globally
Nechio, Fernanda; Jordà, Òscar
(2018-12-07)
The Phillips curve remains central to stabilization policy. Increasing financial linkages, international supply chains, and managed exchange rate policy have given core currencies an outsized influence on the domestic affairs of world economies. We exploit such influence as a source of exogenous variation to examine the effects of the recent financial crisis on the Phillips curve mechanism. Using a difference-in-differences approach, and comparing countries before and after the 2008 financial crisis sorted by whether they endured or escaped the crisis, we are able to assess the evolution of ...
Working Paper Series
, Paper 2018-15
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