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Working Paper
Uniform Priors for Impulse Responses
Rubio-Ramirez, Juan F.; Waggoner, Daniel F.; Arias, Jonas E.
(2023-09-28)
There has been a call for caution when using the conventional method for Bayesian inference in set-identified structural vector autoregressions on the grounds that the uniform prior over the set of orthogonal matrices could be nonuniform for individual impulse responses or other quantity of interest. This paper challenges this call by formally showing that, when the focus is on joint inference, the uniform prior over the set of orthogonal matrices is not only sufficient but also necessary for inference based on a uniform joint prior distribution over the identified set for the vector of ...
FRB Atlanta Working Paper
, Paper 2023-13
Working Paper
How Robust Are Makeup Strategies to Key Alternative Assumptions?
Hebden, James; Topa, Giorgio; Winkler, Fabian; Tang, Jenny; Herbst, Edward
(2020-08-27)
We analyze the robustness of makeup strategies—policies that aim to offset, at least in part, past misses of inflation from its objective—to alternative modeling assumptions, with an emphasis on the role of inflation expectations. We survey empirical evidence on the behavior of shorter-run and long-run inflation expectations. Using simulations from the FRB/US macroeconomic model, we find that makeup strategies can moderately offset the real effects of adverse economic shocks, even when much of the public is uninformed about the monetary strategy. We also discuss the robustness of makeup ...
Finance and Economics Discussion Series
, Paper 2020-069
Working Paper
How Persistent Are Unconventional Monetary Policy Effects?
Neely, Christopher J.
(2020-11-08)
This paper argues that one cannot precisely estimate the persistence of unconventional monetary policy (UMP) effects, especially with short samples and few observations. To make this point, we illustrate that the most influential model on the topic exhibits structural instability, and sensitivity to specification and outliers that render the conclusions unreliable. Restricted models that respect more plausible asset return predictability are more stable and imply that UMP shocks were persistent. Estimates of the dynamic effects of shocks should respect the limited predictability in asset ...
Working Papers
, Paper 2014-04
Working Paper
Inflation Uncertainty and Disagreement in Bond Risk Premia
D'Amico, Stefania; Orphanides, Athanasios
(2014-01-11)
This paper examines the relation between variations in perceived inflation uncertainty and bond premia. Using the subjective probability distributions available in the Survey of Professional Forecasters we construct a quarterly time series of average individual uncertainty about inflation forecasts since 1968. We show that this ex-ante measure of inflation uncertainty differs importantly from measures of disagreement regarding inflation forecasts and other proxies, such as model-based ex-post measures of macroeconomic risk. Inflation uncertainty is an important driver of bond premia, but the ...
Working Paper Series
, Paper WP-2014-24
Working Paper
The Long-Run Effects of Monetary Policy
Singh, Sanjay R.; Taylor, Alan M.; Jordà, Òscar
(2020-01-16)
Is the effect of monetary policy on the productive capacity of the economy long lived? Yes, in fact we find such impacts are significant and last for over a decade based on: (1) merged data from two new international historical databases; (2) identification of exogenous monetary policy using the macroeconomic trilemma; and (3) improved econometric methods. Notably, the capital stock and total factor productivity (TFP) exhibit hysteresis, but labor does not. Money is non-neutral for a much longer period of time than is customarily assumed. A New Keynesian model with endogenous TFP growth can ...
Working Paper Series
, Paper 2020-01
Working Paper
Is There an On-the-Run Premium in TIPS?
Christensen, Jens H. E.; Lopez, Jose A.; Shultz, Patrick
(2017-05-17)
In the U.S. Treasury market, the most recently issued, or so-called ?on-the-run,? security typically trades at a price above those of more seasoned but otherwise comparable securities. This difference is known as the on-the-run premium. In this paper, yield spreads between pairs of Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities (TIPS) with identical maturities but of separate vintages are analyzed. Adjusting for differences in coupon rates and values of embedded deflation options, the results show a small, positive premium on recently issued TIPS - averaging between one and four basis points - that ...
Working Paper Series
, Paper 2017-10
Working Paper
The Impact of Monetary Policy on Asset Prices
Sack, Brian P.; Rigobon, Roberto
(2002-01-23)
Estimating the response of asset prices to changes in monetary policy is complicated by the endogeneity of policy decisions and the fact that both interest rates and asset prices react to numerous other variables. This paper develops a new estimator that is based on the heteroskedasticity that exists in high frequency data. We show that the response of asset prices to changes in monetary policy can be identified based on the increase in the variance of policy shocks that occurs on days of FOMC meetings and of the Chairman's semi-annual monetary policy testimony to Congress. The identification ...
Finance and Economics Discussion Series
, Paper 2002-04
Working Paper
Inflation Expectations and Risk Premia in Emerging Bond Markets: Evidence from Mexico
Christensen, Jens H. E.; Zhu, Simon; Beauregard, Remy; Fischer, Eric
(2021-02-24)
To study inflation expectations and associated risk premia in emerging bond markets, thispaper provides estimates for Mexico based on an arbitrage-free dynamic term structuremodel of nominal and real bond prices that accounts for their liquidity risk. In addition todocumenting the existence of large and time-varying liquidity premia in nominal and realbond prices that are only weakly correlated, the results indicate that long-term inflationexpectations in Mexico are well anchored close to the inflation target of the Bank ofMexico. Furthermore, Mexican inflation risk premia are larger and more ...
Working Paper Series
, Paper 2021-08
Working Paper
Recession Signals and Business Cycle Dynamics: Tying the Pieces Together
Kiley, Michael T.
(2023-01-20)
Examining a parsimonious, yet comprehensive, set of recession signals yields three lessons. First, signals from financial markets, leading indicators of activity, and gauges of the macroeconomic environment are each useful at different horizons, with leading indicators and financial signals informative at short horizons and the state of the business cycle at medium horizons. Second, approaches emphasizing the yield curve overstate the recession signal from the term spread if other factors are not considered; given correlations among indicators, these differences are often small, but were ...
Finance and Economics Discussion Series
, Paper 2023-008
Working Paper
Surveys of Professionals
Rich, Robert W.; Tracy, Joseph; Clements, Michael
(2022-05-10)
This chapter provides an overview of surveys of professional forecasters, with a focus on the U.S. Survey of Professional Forecasters and the European Central Bank Survey of Professional Forecasters. A distinguishing feature of these surveys is that they collect point and density forecasts and make the data publicly available. We discuss their structure, issues involved in using the data, and the construction of measures such as disagreement and uncertainty at the aggregate and individual levels. Our review also summarizes the findings of studies exploring issues such as the alignment of ...
Working Papers
, Paper 22-13
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