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Working Paper
Firm-Embedded Productivity and Cross-Country Income Differences
Alviarez, Vanessa; Cravino, Javier; Ramondo, Natalia (2020-10-13)
We measure the contribution of firm-embedded productivity to cross-country income differences. By firm-embedded productivity we refer to the components of productivity that differ across firms and that can be transferred internationally, such as blueprints, management practices, and intangible capital. Our approach relies on microlevel data on the cross-border operations of multinational enterprises (MNEs). We compare the market shares of the exact same MNE in different countries and document that they are about four times larger in developing than in high-income countries. This finding ...
Opportunity and Inclusive Growth Institute Working Papers , Paper 39

Report
How Should Tax Progressivity Respond to Rising Income Inequality?
Heathcote, Jonathan; Storesletten, Kjetil; Violante, Giovanni L. (2020-10-19)
We address this question in a heterogeneous-agent incomplete-markets model featuring exogenous idiosyncratic risk, endogenous skill investment, and flexible labor supply. The tax and transfer schedule is restricted to be log-linear in income, a good description of the US system. Rising inequality is modeled as a combination of skill-biased technical change and growth in residual wage dispersion. When facing shifts in the income distribution like those observed in the US, a utilitarian planner chooses higher progressivity in response to larger residual inequality but lower progressivity in ...
Staff Report , Paper 615

Working Paper
A Quantitative Theory of the Credit Score
Chatterjee, Satyajit; Corbae, Dean; Dempsey, Kyle; Rios-Rull, Jose-Victor (2020-08-05)
What is the role of credit scores in credit markets? We argue that it is a stand in for a market assessment of a person's unobservable type (which here we take to be patience). We pose a model of persistent hidden types where observable actions shape the public assessment of a person's type via Bayesian updating. We show how dynamic reputation can incentivize repayment without monetary costs of default beyond the administrative cost of filing for bankruptcy. Importantly we show how an economy with credit scores implements the same equilibrium allocation. We estimate the model using both ...
Working Papers , Paper 770

Report
Pandemic Control in ECON-EPI Networks
Azzimonti-Renzo, Marina; Fogli, Alessandra; Perri, Fabrizio; Ponder, Mark (2020-08-19)
We develop an ECON-EPI network model to evaluate policies designed to improve health and economic outcomes during a pandemic. Relative to the standard epidemiological SIR set-up, we explicitly model social contacts among individuals and allow for heterogeneity in their number and stability. In addition, we embed the network in a structural economic model describing how contacts generate economic activity. We calibrate it to the New York metro area during the 2020 COVID-19 crisis and show three main results. First, the ECON-EPI network implies patterns of infections that better match the data ...
Staff Report , Paper 609

Working Paper
Bounded Learning from Incumbent Firms
Luttmer, Erzo G. J. (2020-08-07)
Social learning plays an important role in models of productivity dispersion and long-run growth. In economies with a continuum of producers and unbounded productivity distributions, social learning can sometimes leave long-run growth rates completely indeterminate. This paper modifies a model in which potential entrants attempt to imitate randomly selected incumbent firms by introducing an upper bound on how much entrants can learn from incumbents. When this upper bound is taken to infinity, a unique long-run growth rate emerges, even though the economy without upper bound has an unbounded ...
Working Papers , Paper 771

Journal Article
Broadband.gov
Davies, Phil (2004)
A growing number of small cities offer high-speed Internet access, but does local government belong in the telecom business?
Fedgazette , Volume 16 , Issue Nov , Pages 16-19

Journal Article
The federal budget's effects on intergenerational equity: undone or not undone?
Stern, Gary H. (1987)
Quarterly Review , Volume 11 , Issue Win , Pages 2-6

Journal Article
Observations on public policy: the case of homelessness
Miller, Preston J. (2001)
The Region , Volume 15 , Issue Sep , Pages 66-67

Journal Article
Can a \\"credit crunch\\" be efficient?
Oh, Soo-Nam; Green, Edward J. (1991)
Two observations have sometimes been viewed as evidence that the equilibrium allocations of intermediated credit markets are inefficient. First, low-income households' marginal propensity to consume is close to unity. Second, even high-income households seem to face nonprice constraints during recessions. This paper presents a model that possesses both of these features. (A recession is modeled as an economy in which the equilibrium level of investment is at its lowest possible level.) However, contrary to the conventional view, the equilibrium of this model is ex ante efficient. The model ...
Quarterly Review , Volume 15 , Issue Fall , Pages 3-17

Journal Article
Business cycles: real facts and a monetary myth
Kydland, Finn E.; Prescott, Edward C. (1990)
This paper argues that the reporting of facts in light of theory fosters the development of theory. Dynamic neoclassical macro theory guided the selection of facts to report. The hope is that these facts will foster the further development of this theory. A finding is that the price level is countercyclical in the post-Korean War period. This finding debunks the myths that the price level is procyclical, with the postwar period being no exception.
Quarterly Review , Volume 14 , Issue Spr , Pages 3-18

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