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Working Paper
Efficient investment in children
Greenwood, Jeremy; Aiyagari, S. Rao; Seshadri, Ananth (2001)
If children are society?s most precious resource, as many would argue, how should we invest in them? To gain insight into this question, the authors develop a dynamic, general-equilibrium model in which children differ by ability. Parents invest time and money in their offspring, depending on their altruism, to help them grow into more productive adults. The authors characterize the efficient allocation, then compare it with the outcome that arises when financial markets are incomplete. They also examine the situation where childcare markets are lacking and analyze the consequences of impure ...
Working Papers (Old Series) , Paper 0105

Working Paper
Real indeterminacy in monetary models with nominal interest rate distortions: the problem with inflation targets
Fuerst, Timothy S.; Carlstrom, Charles T. (2001)
This paper demonstrates that in a standard monetary model with a cash-in-advance constraint on consumption there exists real indeterminacy whenever the nominal interest rate moves too closely with the real rate. A particular example of such a policy is an inflation rate target. This is not a knife-edge result. The conclusion is robust to a wide range of calibrations and to a monetary environment that allows for endogenous velocity.
Working Papers (Old Series) , Paper 9818R

Working Paper
Liquidity provision during the crisis of 1914: private and public sources
Tallman, Ellis W.; Jacobson, Margaret M. (2013)
Caught between the end of the National Banking Era and the beginning of the Federal Reserve System, the crisis of 1914 provides an example of a banking panic avoided. We investigate how this outcome was achieved by examining data on the issues of Aldrich-Vreeland emergency currency and clearing house loan certificates to New York City institutions that identify borrower and quantity requested for each type of temporary liquidity measure. Combined with balance sheet data, we illustrate how temporary liquidity borrowing was essential for maintaining transactions volumes among New York City ...
Working Papers (Old Series) , Paper 1304

Working Paper
Substitution between net and gross settlement systems: A concern for financial stability?
Craig, Ben R.; Fecht, Falko (2011)
While net settlement systems make more efficient use of liquidity than gross settlement systems, they are known to generate systemic risk. What does that tendency imply for the stability of the payments (or financial) system when the two settlement systems coexist? Do liquidity shortages induce banks to settle more transactions in the net settlement system, thereby increasing systemic risk? Or do banks require their counterparties to send payments through the gross settlement system when default risks are high, increasing the need for liquidity and the money market rate but reducing overall ...
Working Papers (Old Series) , Paper 1132

Working Paper
An analysis of bank failures: 1984 to 1989
Thomson, James B. (1989)
A study that models the regulatory decision to close a bank as a call option. A two-equation model of bank failure that treats closings as regulatorily timed events is compared with two single-equation models for accuracy.
Working Papers (Old Series) , Paper 8916

Working Paper
Spatial Dependence and Data-Driven Networks of International Banks
Craig, Ben R.; Saldias Zambrana, Martin (2016-12-02)
This paper computes data-driven correlation networks based on the stock returns of international banks and conducts a comprehensive analysis of their topological properties. We first apply spatial-dependence methods to filter the effects of strong common factors and a thresholding procedure to select the significant bilateral correlations. The analysis of topological characteristics of the resulting correlation networks shows many common features that have been documented in the recent literature but were obtained with private information on banks? exposures. Our analysis validates these ...
Working Papers (Old Series) , Paper 1627

Working Paper
Enforcement of pollution regulations in a declining industry
Gray, Wayne B.; Deily, Mary E. (1989)
An examination of the effect of EPA enforcement activity as it relates to company plant-closing decisions and company compliance decisions in the U.S. steel industry, finding fewer enforcement actions taken toward plants with an already high probability of closing.
Working Papers (Old Series) , Paper 8912

Working Paper
Internal Migration in the United States: A Comparative Assessment of the Utility of the Consumer Credit Panel
Whitaker, Stephan; Johnson, Janna; DeWaard, Jack (2018-03-23)
This paper demonstrates that credit bureau data, such as the Federal Reserve Bank of New York Consumer Credit Panel/Equifax (CCP), can be used to study internal migration in the United States. It is comparable to, and in some ways superior to, the standard data used to study migration, including the American Community Survey (ACS), the Current Population Survey (CPS), and the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) county-to-county migration data. CCP-based estimates of migration intensity, connectivity, and spatial focusing are similar to estimates derived from the ACS, CPS, and IRS data. The CCP can ...
Working Papers (Old Series) , Paper 1804

Working Paper
Tax structure, welfare, and the stability of equilibrium in a model of dynamic optimal fiscal policy
Lansing, Kevin J.; Guo, Jang-Ting (1994)
A demonstration that the assumed structure of taxation can have dramatic effects on economic welfare and on the stability of the steady state in a dynamic general-equilibrium model of optimal fiscal policy. The authors find that household welfare is highest under a structure that includes separate tax rates on labor and capital incomes, double taxation of dividends, and tax-deductible depreciation.
Working Papers (Old Series) , Paper 9410

Working Paper
Federal reserve credibility and the market's response to the weekly M1 announcements
Karamouzis, Nicholas V.; Gavin, William T. (1985)
A presentation of new evidence on the issue of Federal Reserve System credibility, examining the response pattern of asset prices to the weekly M1 announcements under different operating procedures and monetary policy regimes.
Working Papers (Old Series) , Paper 8502

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