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Working Paper
Are Central Cities Poor and Non-White?
Schuetz, Jenny; Gonzalez, Arturo; Larrimore, Jeff; Merry, Ellen A.; Robles, Barbara J. (2017-03)
For much of the 20th century, America's central cities were viewed as synonymous with economic and social hardship, often used as proxy for low-income communities of color. Since the 1990s, however, many metropolitan areas have seen a resurgence of interest in central city neighborhoods. Theoretical models of income sorting lead to ambiguous predictions about where households of different income levels will live within metropolitan areas. In this paper, we explore intra-city spatial patterns of income and race for U.S. metropolitan areas, focusing particularly on the locations of low-income ...
Finance and Economics Discussion Series , Paper 2017-031

Working Paper
Strategic Liquidity Mismatch and Financial Sector Stability
Silva, Andre (2019-11-25)
This paper examines whether banks strategically incorporate their competitors? liquidity mismatch policies when determining their own and how these collective decisions impact financial sector stability. Using a novel identification strategy exploiting the presence of partially overlapping peer groups, I show that banks? liquidity transformation activity is driven by that of their peers. These correlated decisions are concentrated on the asset side of riskier banks and are asymmetric, with mimicking occurring only when competitors are taking more risk. Accordingly, this strategic behavior ...
Finance and Economics Discussion Series , Paper 2019-082

Working Paper
Animal spirits, margin requirements, and stock price volatility
Kupiec, Paul H.; Sharpe, Steven A. (1989)
Finance and Economics Discussion Series , Paper 91

Working Paper
Distributed Ledger Technology in Payments, Clearing, and Settlement
Liao, Kimberley; Ellithorpe, Max; Fahy, Linda; Ravi, Anjana; Mills, David C.; Badev, Anton; Brezinski, Timothy; Wang, Kathy; Kargenian, Vanessa; Baird, Maria; Malone, Brendan; Ng, Wendy; Marquardt, Jeffrey C.; Chen, Clinton (2016-12)
Digital innovations in finance, loosely known as fintech, have garnered a great deal of attention across the financial industry. Distributed ledger technology (DLT) is one such innovation that has been cited as a means of transforming payment, clearing, and settlement (PCS) processes, including how funds are transferred and how securities, commodities, and derivatives are cleared and settled. DLT is a term that has been used by the industry in a variety of ways and so does not have a single definition. Because there is a wide spectrum of possible deployments of DLT, this paper will refer to ...
Finance and Economics Discussion Series , Paper 2016-095

Working Paper
Which Output Gap Estimates Are Stable in Real Time and Why?
Barbarino, Alessandro; Berge, Travis J.; Chen, Han; Stella, Andrea (2020-12-18)
Output gaps that are estimated in real time can differ substantially from those estimated after the fact. We aim to understand the real-time instability of output gap estimates by comparing a suite of reduced-form models. We propose a new statistical decomposition and find that including a Okun’s law relationship improves real-time stability by alleviating the end-point problem. Models that include the unemployment rate also produce output gaps with relevant economic content. However, we find that no model of the output gap is clearly superior to the others along each metric we consider.
Finance and Economics Discussion Series , Paper 2020-102

Working Paper
How Does Monetary Policy Affect Prices of Corporate Loans?
Kwak, Seung (2022-02-25)
We study the impact of unanticipated monetary policy news around FOMC announcements on secondary market corporate loan spreads. We find that the reaction of loan spreads to monetary policy news is weaker than that of bond spreads: following an unanticipated monetary policy tightening (easing) shock, loan spreads do not increase (decrease) as much as bond spreads do. Decomposition of the spreads into compensations for expected defaults and risk premiums shows that differential reactions of loan and bond risk premiums are the main driver of the differential spread reactions. We further find ...
Finance and Economics Discussion Series , Paper 2022-008

Working Paper
Income Inequality, Financial Crises, and Monetary Policy
Sim, Jae W.; Cairó, Isabel (2018-07-19)
We construct a general equilibrium model in which income inequality results in insufficient aggregate demand, deflation pressure, and excessive credit growth by allocating income to agents featuring low marginal propensity to consume, and if excessive, can lead to an endogenous financial crisis. This economy generates distributions for equilibrium prices and quantities that are highly skewed to the downside due to financial crises and the liquidity trap. Consequently, symmetric monetary policy rules designed to minimize fluctuations around fixed means become inefficient. A simultaneous ...
Finance and Economics Discussion Series , Paper 2018-048

Working Paper
On the (in)effectiveness of fiscal devaluations in a monetary union
Lipinska, Anna; von Thadden, Leopold (2012)
This paper explores the fiscal devaluation hypothesis in a model of a monetary union characterised by national fiscal policies and supranational monetary policy. We show that a unilateral tax shift towards indirect taxes in one of the countries produces small but non-negligible long run effects on output and consumption within and between the two countries only when international financial markets are perfectly integrated. In contrast to the existing literature, we find that short-run effects are not always amplified by nominal wage rigidities. We document also how short-run effects of the ...
Finance and Economics Discussion Series , Paper 2012-71

Working Paper
Divest, Disregard, or Double Down?
Roth Tran, Brigitte (2017-04)
How much, if at all, should an endowment invest in a firm whose activities run counter to the charitable missions the endowment funds? Endowments typically disregard the objectionable nature of or divest from such firms. However, if firm returns increase with activities the endowment combats, doubling down on the investment increases expected utility by aligning funding availability with need. I call this "mission hedging." This paper offers the first model that characterizes the endowment's investment decision on the objectionable firm, defines investment trade-offs, and examines related ...
Finance and Economics Discussion Series , Paper 2017-042

Working Paper
The high-frequency impact of news on long-term yields and forward rates: Is it real?
Wright, Jonathan H.; Beechey, Meredith J. (2008)
This paper uses high-frequency intradaily data to estimate the effects of macroeconomic news announcements on yields and forward rates on nominal and index-linked bonds, and on inflation compensation. To our knowledge, it is the first study in the macro announcements literature to use intradaily real yield data, which allow us to parse the effects of news announcements on real rates and inflation compensation far more precisely than we can using daily data. Long-term nominal yields and forward rates are very sensitive to macroeconomic news announcements. We find that inflation compensation is ...
Finance and Economics Discussion Series , Paper 2008-39

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