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Keywords:labor economics OR Labor economics OR Labor Economics 

A Guide to State-Level Estimates of Labor Force Participation Rates

Changes in the US labor force participation rates (LFPRs) have brought attention to state-level estimates. This brief discusses state-level estimates of the LFPR and what they can—and cannot—tell us about recent LFPR trends in our region.
Cleveland Fed District Data Brief

Journal Article
Organizing in decline: Tracing the (diminishing) role of unions in today's labor market

Related links: https://www.richmondfed.org/-/media/richmondfedorg/publications/research/econ_focus/2011/q2/feature4_weblinks.cfm
Econ Focus , Volume 15 , Issue 2Q , Pages 28-31

Discussion Paper
Searching for Higher Wages

Since the peak of the recession, the unemployment rate has fallen by almost 5 percentage points, and observers continue to focus on whether and when this decline will lead to robust wage growth. Typically, in the wake of such a decline, real wages grow since there is more competition for workers among potential employers. While this relationship has historically been quite informative, real wage growth more recently has not been commensurate with observed declines in the unemployment rate.
Liberty Street Economics , Paper 20150902

Journal Article
Wage Growth, Labor Market Tightness, and Inflation: A Service Sector Analysis

This Economic Commentary explores the connections among labor market tightness, wage inflation, and price inflation at the service sector level. Across most service sectors, sector-specific labor market tightness and nominal wage growth have been above prepandemic averages since 2022. The data suggest that a stronger positive relationship between labor market tightness and wage growth has emerged in the aftermath of the pandemic. The relationship between sector-specific wage growth and inflation is more varied. In the education and health services sector, higher wage growth is associated with ...
Economic Commentary , Volume 2024 , Issue 15 , Pages 9

Newsletter
Is there a skills mismatch in the labor market?

This article reviews the concept of skills mismatch in the labor market and examines its role in explaining ongoing low levels of hiring and high levels of unemployment during the current economic recovery.
Chicago Fed Letter , Issue Jul

Journal Article
Compression in the Wage Distribution During the Post-Covid-19 Labor Market

The COVID-19 pandemic caused changes for business across all industries, though the effects were unequal. As lockdown restrictions aimed at mitigating the spread of COVID-19 were relaxed, nominal wage growth rose sharply in leisure and hospitality and in trade and transportation, the two industries with the highest concentration of low-wage workers. In fact, wage growth was most pronounced for workers in the bottom 50 percent of the wage distribution who changed jobs into one of these industries.
Economic Commentary , Volume 2025 , Issue 06 , Pages 9

Working Paper
The relocation decisions of working couples

Most prime-age married couples in the U.S. today have two labor force participants. Migration decisions are more complicated for two-earner couples than for one-earner couples because any gain from moving that accrues to one spouse must be great enough to offset any loss to the other spouse. This paper estimates the extent to which internal migration is depressed by rising earnings equality among spouses. The results indicate that couples' migration propensities are substantially lower the more equal spouses' labor incomes.
Finance and Economics Discussion Series , Paper 2006-33

Speech
U.S. labor input in coming years

Chartered Financial Analysts Society of Philadelphia, Wilmington, Del., Nov. 14, 2006
Speech , Paper 107

Working Paper
A cohort-based model of labor force participation

The probability that an individual participates in the labor force declines precipitously beyond age 50. This feature of labor supply suggests that ongoing shifts in the age distribution of the population will put substantial downward pressure on the aggregate labor force participation rate. However, the aggregate rate is also influenced by trends within age groups. Neglecting to model both within-group influences and shifting population shares will doom any estimate of aggregate labor supply. We develop a model that identifies birth cohorts' propensities to participate, uses these ...
Finance and Economics Discussion Series , Paper 2007-09

Postpandemic Employment Recovery in Fourth District Metro Areas

US employment has recovered rapidly following a significant decline caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. However, employment recoveries have varied significantly across metro areas. This District Data Brief compares the employment recoveries for metro areas of various sizes in the Fourth District and across the United States.
Cleveland Fed District Data Brief

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