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Journal Article
Viewing the current account deficit as a capital inflow
Higgins, Matthew; Klitgaard, Thomas (1998-12)
With the 1998 current account deficit approaching $225 billion, attention is again focusing on the deficit's impact on U.S. jobs. Although a high deficit does adversely affect employment in export- and import-competing industries, it also means that considerable foreign capital is flowing into the United States, supporting domestic investment spending that stimulates growth and creates jobs.
Current Issues in Economics and Finance , Volume 4 , Issue Dec

Journal Article
Infrastructure and social welfare in metropolitan America
Haughwout, Andrew F. (2001-12)
Public infrastructure investment may indirectly affect firm productivity and household welfare through its impact on the location of economic activity. Existing infrastructure policies encourage firms and households to move from dense urban environments to the surrounding suburbs. Nevertheless, several recent studies have suggested that the concentration of producers and consumers within cities results in "agglomeration economies" that are socially beneficial. In light of these findings, the author recommends the creation of infrastructure investment authorities that would have the power ...
Economic Policy Review , Issue Dec , Pages 1-16

Journal Article
Evaluation of value-at-risk models using historical data
Hendricks, Darryll (1996-04)
We study the effect of restrictions on dual trading in futures contracts. Previous studies have found that dual trading restrictions can have a positive, negative, or neutral effect on market liquidity. In this paper, we propose that trader heterogeneity may explain these conflicting empirical results. We find that, for contracts affected by restrictions, the change in market activity following restrictions differs between contracts. More important, the effect of a restriction varies among dual traders in the same market. For example, dual traders who ceased trading the S&P 500 index futures ...
Economic Policy Review , Volume 2 , Issue Apr , Pages 39-69

Journal Article
Macro markets and financial security
Van Wincoop, Eric; Shiller, Robert J.; Athanasoulis, Stefano (1999-04)
Uncertainty about national income growth poses significant macroeconomic risk to households all over the world. To help reduce investors' exposure, researchers have proposed a controversial new set of security markets called macro markets. These international markets would trade long-term claims on the income of an entire country or region. For example, in a macro market for the United States, an investor could buy a claim on the U.S. national income and then receive dividends equal to a fraction of national income for as long as the claim is held. Although many barriers stand in the way of ...
Economic Policy Review , Volume 5 , Issue Apr , Pages 21-39

Journal Article
Large-scale asset purchases by the Federal Reserve: did they work?
Raskin, Matthew; Sack, Brian P.; Remache, Julie; Gagnon, Joseph E. (2011-05)
In this study, authors Joseph Gagnon, Matthew Raskin, Julie Remache and Brian Sack review the Federal Reserve?s experience with implementing the LSAPs between late 2008 and March 2010. They explain that the target fed funds rate was set as low as possible in December 2008. Thus, to further ease the stance of monetary policy as the economic outlook deteriorated, the central bank purchased substantial quantities of assets with medium and long maturities?housing agency debt, agency mortgage-backed securities (MBS) and Treasuries?to drive down private borrowing rates. ; Title of Special Issue: ...
Economic Policy Review , Volume 17 , Issue May , Pages 41-59

Journal Article
Solving the present crisis and managing the leverage cycle
Geanakoplos, John (2010-08)
Yale University professor John Geanakoplos discusses implications of ?the leverage cycle??a phenomenon in which leverage is excessive prior to a financial crisis and unacceptably low during the crisis?for regulatory policy and reform. Presented as the keynote address at "Central Bank Liquidity Tools and Perspectives on Regulatory Reform" a conference sponsored by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, February 19-20, 2009.
Economic Policy Review , Volume 16 , Issue Aug , Pages 101-131

Journal Article
Should U.S. investors invest overseas?
Simons, Katerina (1999-11)
Interest in foreign investment has been high among U.S. investors in recent years. Many investors know that geographic diversification can improve investment returns without increasing risk. However, whether or not to invest abroad and, if so, how much weight to give to foreign investment, are questions often subject to heated debate. Whether or not to invest abroad is part of the larger question of how to assemble a portfolio that is appropriate for the investor's circumstances and degree of risk tolerance. ; This article examines the question of international investing within the broader ...
New England Economic Review , Issue Nov , Pages 29-40

Journal Article
The performance of traditional macroeconomic models of businesses' investment spending
Brauman, Richard S.; Kopcke, Richard W. (2001)
The rate of capital formation by businesses has long been among the most closely watched elements of the national accounts. During the last decade, this component of investment attracted considerable interest as capital spending helped support our uncommonly high rate of economic growth. Not only did this spending lift the growth of aggregate demand, it also increased our capacity for supplying goods and services, which in turn could allow output to continue growing rapidly in the future. ; This article analyzes the performance of conventional models of investment spending by comparing their ...
New England Economic Review

Journal Article
Investment and employment by manufacturing plants
Tootell, Geoffrey M. B.; Kopcke, Richard W.; Triest, Robert K. (2001)
The preceding article analyzed the determinants of investment at the macroeconomic level. In general, analysis of investment at this degree of aggregation implies that all firms in the economy react similarly to the same macro-level variables. Yet, examining macro data may obscure a great deal of variation in the forces that affect different firms, thus making quantification of the impact of these forces difficult. Since different types of firms face an array of different constraints, the authors analyze employment and investment at manufacturing plants at a finer level of distinction than ...
New England Economic Review

Discussion Paper
Collateralized borrowing and life-cycle portfolio choice
Kubler, Felix; Willen, Paul S. (2006)
We examine the effects of collateralized borrowing in a realistically parameterized life-cycle portfolio choice problem. We provide basic intuition in a two-period model and then solve a multi-period model computationally. Our analysis provides insights into life-cycle portfolio choice relevant for researchers in macroeconomics and finance. In particular, we show that standard models with unlimited borrowing at the riskless rate dramatically overstate the gains to holding equity when compared with collateral-constrained models. Our results do not depend on the specification of the ...
Public Policy Discussion Paper , Paper 06-4

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