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Report
Taxation of human capital and wage inequality: a cross-country analysis
Ozkan, Serdar; Kuruscu, Burhanettin; Guvenen, Fatih (2009)
Wage inequality has been significantly higher in the United States than in continental European countries (CEU) since the 1970s. Moreover, this inequality gap has further widened during this period as the US has experienced a large increase in wage inequality, whereas the CEU has seen only modest changes. This paper studies the role of labor income tax policies for understanding these facts. We begin by documenting two new empirical facts that link these inequality differences to tax policies. First, we show that countries with more progressive labor income tax schedules have significantly ...
Staff Report , Paper 438

Journal Article
To bear, or not to bear: is that an economics question?
Wall, Howard J.; Skiba, Paige M. (2001-07)
Weighing the costs vs. the benefits of having children may seem like a cold-blooded exercise. Yet such an analysis can help us understand not only such private decisions but public policies, too.
The Regional Economist , Issue Jul , Pages 10-11

Conference Paper
Boosting rural human capital
Jischke, Martin C. (2000-10)
Proceedings – Rural and Agricultural Conferences , Issue Oct , Pages 93-101

Working Paper
Which Ladder to Climb? Wages of Workers by Job, Plant, and Education
Kuhn, Moritz; Bayer, Christian (2018-09-12)
Wages grow but also become more unequal as workers age. Using German administrative data, we largely attribute both life-cycle facts to one driving force: some workers progress in hierarchy to jobs with more responsibility, complexity, and independence. In short, they climb the career ladder. Climbing the career ladder explains 50% of wage growth and virtually all of rising wage dispersion. The increasing gender wage gap by age parallels a rising hierarchy gap. Our findings suggest that wage dynamics are shaped by the organization of production, which itself likely depends on technology, the ...
Opportunity and Inclusive Growth Institute Working Papers , Paper 15

Discussion Paper
Human capital, aggregate shocks, and panel data estimation
Miller, Robert A.; Altug, Sumru (1990)
This paper analyses how the wage and employment decisions of females are affected by past workforce participation and hours supplied. Our estimation methods exploit the fact that, when markets are complete, the Lagrange multiplier for an agents lifetime budget constraint always enters multiplicatively with the prices of (contingent claims to) consumption and leisure. Depending on the properties of the equilibrium price process, it is thus possible to predict the behavior of a wealthy agent by observing that of a poorer person living in a more prosperous world. This provides the key to ...
Discussion Paper / Institute for Empirical Macroeconomics , Paper 47

Working Paper
The Long-Run Effects of Neighborhood Change on Incumbent Families
Hartley, Daniel; Lee, Kwan Ok; Baum-Snow, Nathaniel (2019-03-18)
A number of prominent studies examine the long-run effects of neighborhood attributes on children by leveraging variation in neighborhood exposure through household moves. However, much neighborhood change comes in place rather than through moving. Using an urban economic geography model as a basis, this paper estimates the causal effects of changes in neighborhood attributes on long-run outcomes for incumbent children and households. For identification, we make use of quasi-random variation in 1990-2000 and 2000-2005 skill specific labor demand shocks hitting each residential metro area ...
Working Paper Series , Paper WP-2019-2

Journal Article
The role of colleges and universities in building local human capital
Abel, Jaison R.; Deitz, Richard (2011-10)
Colleges and universities can contribute to the economic success of a region by deepening the skills and knowledge?or human capital?of its residents. Producing graduates who join the region?s educated workforce is one way these institutions increase human capital levels. In addition, the knowledge and technologies created through research activities at area universities may not only attract new firms to a region but also help existing businesses expand and innovate. These ?spillover effects? can in turn raise the region?s demand for high-skilled workers.
Current Issues in Economics and Finance , Volume 17 , Issue Oct

Journal Article
Investing in human capital should be Southeast’s priority
McCrackin, Bobbie H. (2000-07)
EconSouth , Volume 2 , Issue Q3 , Pages 1

Working Paper
Do immigrants work in riskier jobs?
Zavodny, Madeline; Orrenius, Pia M. (2009)
Recent media and government reports suggest that immigrants are more likely to hold jobs with worse working conditions than U.S.-born workers, perhaps because immigrants work in jobs that "natives don?t want." Despite this widespread view, earlier studies have not found immigrants to be in riskier jobs than natives. This study combines individual-level data from the 2003-2005 American Community Survey with Bureau of Labor Statistics data on work-related injuries and fatalities to take a fresh look at whether foreign-born workers are employed in more dangerous jobs. The results indicate that ...
Working Papers , Paper 0901

Report
A Welfare Analysis of Occupational Licensing in U.S. States
Soltas, Evan J.; Kleiner, Morris M. (2019-10-15)
We assess the welfare consequences of occupational licensing for workers and consumers. We estimate a model of labor market equilibrium in which licensing restricts labor supply but also affects labor demand via worker quality and selection. On the margin of occupations licensed differently between U.S. states, we find that licensing raises wages and hours but reduces employment. We estimate an average welfare loss of 12 percent of occupational surplus. Workers and consumers respectively bear 70 and 30 percent of the incidence. Higher willingness to pay offsets 80 percent of higher prices for ...
Staff Report , Paper 590

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