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Discussion Paper
How Do Firms Respond to Hiring Difficulties?
Terry, Ellyn; de Zeeuw, Mels (2018-03-01)
Using data from the Federal Reserve Banks' 2017 Small Business Credit Survey (SBCS), this paper investigates the various ways in which different types of firms with less than 500 employees experience and address hiring difficulties, including when they decide to increase compensation.The authors find significant variation in hiring difficulties by type of firm, and a firm's response appears to depend on the nature of the problem. The most common response is to increase compensation, with firms that experience competition from other employers being the most likely to do so. Other common ...
FRB Atlanta Community and Economic Development Discussion Paper , Paper 2018-01

Journal Article
Holding Space: Underlying Real Estate Conditions for Nonprofits in the Los Angeles Region
Kim, Jiwon; Mattiuzzi, Elizabeth; Hodge, Eileen (2020-08-14)
Over the past decade, rising real estate costs have led to displacement of low-income residents and small businesses from Los Angeles’ changing neighborhoods. This trend raises questions about the long-term ability of nonprofit organizations that operate in these neighborhoods to remain in place. The recent economic downturn related to the COVID-19 pandemic makes understanding the baseline conditions that nonprofits face in the real estate market even more critical.Previous research suggests that some San Francisco Bay Area nonprofits, particularly those that rent operating space, have ...
Community Development Research Brief , Volume 2020 , Issue 04 , Pages 19

Journal Article
Small Businesses Report Better Financing Outcomes
Borek, Nathaniel (2016-04)
Small businesses provide substantial employment and services and are an important part of the U.S. economy. One measure of small business conditions is the findings of the 2015 Small Business Credit Survey1 (SBCS). The survey, which is a collaborative effort of the community development departments of the Federal Reserve Banks of New York, Atlanta, Boston, Cleveland, Philadelphia, Richmond, and St. Louis, includes responses from small businesses operating in 26 states.2 This article summarizes highlights of the 2015 SBCS.
Cascade , Volume 2

Speech
Panel Remarks: The Fed and Main Street during the Coronavirus Pandemic
Kovner, Anna (2020-04-23)
Panel Remarks at The Fed and Main Street during the Coronavirus Pandemic, WebEx event, April 23, 2020.
Speech

Discussion Paper
Small Business Recovery after Natural Disasters
Hiti, Martin; Kramer, Claire; Sarkar, Asani (2022-09-06)
The first post of this series found that small businesses owned by people of color are particularly vulnerable to natural disasters. In this post, we focus on the aftermath of disasters, and examine disparities in the ability of firms to reopen their businesses and access disaster relief. Our results indicate that Black-owned firms are more likely to remain closed for longer periods and face greater difficulties in obtaining the immediate relief needed to cope with a natural disaster.
Liberty Street Economics , Paper 20220906b

Journal Article
Do Entrepreneurs Pay to Be Entrepreneurs?
Sablik, Timothy (2018-01)
Some small-business owners are motivated more by values than financial gain
Econ Focus , Issue 1Q , Pages 17-19

Journal Article
Measuring Small Business Financial Health
Onyeago, Chinwe; Newberger, Robin G.; Everett, Craig; Longworth, Susan (2015)
Throughout the Great Recession and continuing into the recovery, small businesses have played an important role in creating jobs and stabilizing communities. Stories of small business owners overcoming obstacles to provide valuable services and employment are highlighted regularly by pundits, politicians and policymakers alike. However, little attention has focused on the question of what drives the financial health of these often young, often very small businesses.
Profitwise , Issue 2 , Pages 1-9

Discussion Paper
How Different Are Rural and Urban Small Businesses?
Corcoran, Emily Waverling; Tringali, Anthony (2025-04-10)
Small businesses play a big part in rural communities. In addition to serving local demand, businesses with fewer than 500 employees account for over half of rural employment. As part of the Richmond Fed's mission to strengthen the economy and our communities, we work to understand economic and business conditions in small towns and rural communities. This includes understanding how rural businesses in the Fifth District are faring and keeping a pulse on the financial health of rural small businesses. Using newly released data from the Small Business Credit Survey (SBCS), a national data ...
Regional Matters

Journal Article
Upfront: New from the Richmond Fed’s Regional Matters blog
Mullen, Katrina (2024-12-05)
Econ Focus , Volume 24 , Issue 4Q , Pages 3

Journal Article
Tools (Lessons and Strategies) Toward Market Restoration: A Conference Summary
Berry, Michael; Longworth, Susan (2015)
Community development post-recession takes place in an environment that is greatly changed in terms of both demand for and capacity to deliver services. While no community was immune, the places that were most deeply affected by the Great Recession ? and continue to feel its effects ? are often those places that had suffered from disinvestment for decades leading up to it. The tools and strategies that have been developed and relied on by investors, practitioners and advocates ? in some cases for decades ? need to be adapted to the changes, while continuing to meet ever growing demand.
Profitwise , Issue 4 , Pages 4-23

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