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Working Paper
Gains from Offshoring? Evidence from U.S. Microdata
Monarch, Ryan; Park, Jooyoun; Sivadasan, Jagadeesh (2014-11-11)
We construct a new linked data set with over one thousand offshoring events by matching Trade Adjustment Assistance program petition data to confidential data on U.S. firm operations. We exploit these data to assess how offshoring affects domestic firm-level aggregate employment, output, wages and productivity. Consistent with heterogenous firm models where offshoring involves a fixed cost, we find that the average offshoring firm is larger and more productive than the average non-offshorer. After initiating offshoring, firms experience large declines in employment (46.2 per cent), output ...
International Finance Discussion Papers , Paper 1124

Automakers' Bold Plans for Electric Vehicles Spur Battery Boom
Plante, Michael D.; Rindels, Jessica (2022-10-11)
Meeting ambitious manufacturing goals will require batteries—lots of them—as an electric vehicle (EV) can use hundreds to thousands of individual lithium-ion batteries.
Dallas Fed Economics

Journal Article
Upfront: New from the Richmond Fed's Regional Matters Blog
Mullen, Katrina N. (2022-04)
New from the Richmond Fed’s Regional Matters blog
Econ Focus , Issue 2Q , Pages 3

Briefing
Measuring Labor Market Power in the U.S. Manufacturing Sector
Yeh, Chen (2022-01)
Policymakers have recently considered several policies to mitigate a perceived increase in employers' market power. However, the lack of direct evidence on labor market power has complicated the policy debate. In this article, we show that the degree of employers' market power is substantial and widespread in the U.S. manufacturing sector. A worker in the average manufacturing plant receives only 65 cents on each dollar generated in the margin. Furthermore, we propose a novel aggregate measure for labor market power. We find that employers' market power decreased between the late 1970s and ...
Richmond Fed Economic Brief , Volume 22 , Issue 01

Journal Article
Labor Constraints Remain Greatest Challenge for Resurgent Manufacturing Sector
Gascon, Charles S. (2022-07-13)
The near-term outlook for U.S. manufacturing is optimistic amid a resurgence in output and the sector’s overall employment growth during the last decade.
The Regional Economist

Discussion Paper
The Role of Manufacturing in the Rural Fifth District
Scavette, Adam (2022-04-28)
A manufacturing job became the pathway to a middle-class lifestyle for many American families in the decades immediately following World War II. Although the industry has suffered large employment losses since the 1970s, it remains a critical source of employment in rural America.This article explores historical trends in manufacturing employment in the United States and the Fifth District. Since the 1990s, despite a sharper decline in manufacturing employment in the district than in the United States, manufacturing in rural North Carolina, rural South Carolina, and rural Virginia composes a ...
Regional Matters

Working Paper
Disentangling the Effects of the 2018-2019 Tariffs on a Globally Connected U.S. Manufacturing Sector
Flaaen, Aaron; Pierce, Justin R. (2019-12-26)
Since the beginning of 2018, the United States has undertaken unprecedented tariff increases, with one goal of these actions being to boost the manufacturing sector. In this paper, we estimate the effect of the tariffs---including retaliatory tariffs by U.S. trading partners---on manufacturing employment, output, and producer prices. A key feature of our analysis is accounting for the multiple ways that tariffs might affect the manufacturing sector, including providing protection for domestic industries, raising costs for imported inputs, and harming competitiveness in overseas markets due ...
Finance and Economics Discussion Series , Paper 2019-086

Mexico nearshoring yet to yield big investment despite global trade tensions
Martínez García, Enrique; Sánchez, Manuel; Torres, Luis (2024-12-05)
The resulting reality surrounding nearshoring’s impact on Mexico’s economy is nuanced. While Mexico has made gains, many of them stem from trade diversion rather than large-scale foreign capital relocation.
Dallas Fed Economics

Journal Article
Overwork Impacts on Low-Wage Workers: Insights from the Food Manufacturing Sector in Oregon and Washington
Loustaunau, Lola; Kneebone, Elizabeth; Stepick, Lina (2023-10-10)
Unstable scheduling refers to such employer practices as last-minute schedule changes, lack of advance notice, requiring employees to be on-call, split shifts, “clopening,” and variable hours and shift times. Evidence has shown that such practices can lead to underwork, or involuntary part-time hours, particularly for service-sector workers. But another, less-explored dimension of unstable scheduling practices—and the focus of this analysis—is overwork. Overwork stems from practices that can limit the ability of workers to get adequate rest and can heighten the bodily and emotional ...
Community Development Research Brief , Volume 2023 , Issue 3 , Pages 24

Texas firms use AI with little employment impact so far
Cañas, Jesus; Kerr, Emily (2024-06-25)
Learning how businesses use artificial intelligence (AI) helps policymakers understand changing economic conditions, particularly involving employment and productivity.
Dallas Fed Economics

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