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Working Paper
An Anatomy of U.S. Establishments’ Trade Linkages in Global Value Chains
Flaaen, Aaron; Kamal, Fariha; Lee, Eunhee; Yi, Kei-Mu (2024-12-27)
Global value chains (GVC) are a pervasive feature of modern production, but they are hard to measure. Using U.S. Census microdata, we develop novel measures of the linkages between U.S. manufacturing establishments’ imports and exports. We document three new GVC patterns. First, for every dollar of exports, imported inputs represent 13 cents in 2002 and 20 cents by 2017, substantially higher than what aggregate data suggests. Second, we find strong complementarities between input and output markets reflected in “round-trip” trade linkages where an establishment sources inputs from and ...
Working Papers , Paper 2419

Discussion Paper
Where Are Manufacturing Jobs Coming Back?
Abel, Jaison R.; Deitz, Richard (2019-02-06)
As we outlined in our previous post, the United States lost close to sixmillion manufacturing jobs between 2000 and 2010 but since then has gained back almost one million. In this post, we take a closer look at the geographic dimension of this modest rebound in manufacturing jobs. While job losses during the 2000s were fairly widespread across the country, manufacturing employment gains since then have been concentrated in particular parts of the country. Indeed, these gains were especially large in ?auto alley??a narrow motor vehicle production corridor stretching from Michigan south to ...
Liberty Street Economics , Paper 20190206b

Journal Article
Labor Constraints Remain Greatest Challenge for Resurgent Manufacturing Sector
Gascon, Charles S. (2022-07-13)
The near-term outlook for U.S. manufacturing is optimistic amid a resurgence in output and the sector’s overall employment growth during the last decade.
The Regional Economist

Discussion Paper
The Mysterious Slowdown in U.S. Manufacturing Productivity
Pearce, Jeremy; Lashkari, Danial (2024-07-11)
Throughout the twentieth century, steady technological and organizational innovations, along with the accumulation of productive capital, increased labor productivity at a steady rate of around 2 percent per year. However, the past two decades have witnessed a slowdown in labor productivity, measured as value added per hour worked. This slowdown has been particularly stark in the manufacturing sector, which historically has been a leading sector in driving the productivity of the aggregate U.S. economy. What makes this slowdown particularly puzzling is the fact that manufacturing accounts for ...
Liberty Street Economics , Paper 20240711

Discussion Paper
Signs of a Slowdown? Evidence From Our October Business Surveys
Haltom, Nicholas (2023-11-03)
After a few months of upward movement in the headline indexes of our business surveys, results took a downward turn in October. This was especially true in the service sector, where both current and expected activity deteriorated noticeably. However, despite what may be evidence of a shift to a slower pace of demand, firms on balance appear to be holding steady on hiring plans, at least for the near term.
Regional Matters

Automakers' Bold Plans for Electric Vehicles Spur Battery Boom
Plante, Michael D.; Rindels, Jessica (2022-10-11)
Meeting ambitious manufacturing goals will require batteries—lots of them—as an electric vehicle (EV) can use hundreds to thousands of individual lithium-ion batteries.
Dallas Fed Economics

Journal Article
Ciudad Juarez retools amid job losses
Torres, Luis; Cañas, Jesus; Brizuela, Isabel; Morales-Burnett, Diego (2026-04-08)
Ciudad Juarez, across the Rio Grande from El Paso, lost nearly one-fifth of its manufacturing jobs over a two-year period. The decline reflects the city’s move into higher value-added, less labor-intensive production of electronics and hardware demanded for the U.S.’s burgeoning data center build-out.
Southwest Economy

Journal Article
When a South Carolina City Tried to Become Motor City
Romero, Jessica Sackett (2018-10)
Economic History: When a South Carolina City Tried to Become Motor City: The Fifth District's automotive entrepreneurs eventually lost out to the forces of agglomeration
Econ Focus , Issue 4Q , Pages 24-26

Journal Article
Manufacturing or Degree-Intensive Labor Markets: Where Do the Children of Non-College Graduates Earn More Degrees?
Whitaker, Stephan (2016-10-16)
Manufacturing employment has declined since the 1970s, while the number of jobs requiring a college degree has risen. The shift has reshaped the environment in which many young people grow up and pursue their educations, potentially affecting the level of education they attain. This analysis uses the National Longitudinal Surveys of Youth to investigate the relationship between industrial composition and the educational attainment of children whose parents have only a high school education or less. The results show that the educational attainment of these youths is correlated with their ...
Economic Commentary , Volume 2016 , Issue 12 , Pages 6

Working Paper
Structural Change and the Rise in Markups
Marto, Ricardo (2023-11)
Is the recent rise in markups caused by increased monopoly power or is it a natural consequence of structural change? I show that the rise in aggregate markups has been driven by a reallocation of market share away from non-services to services-producing firms and a faster increase of services’ markups. I develop a two-sector model to assess the sources of the rise in markups, in which the two forces of structural change play opposing roles. On one hand, an increase in the relative productivity of manufacturing leads to a decline of the relative price of manufactured goods and to an ...
Working Papers , Paper 2024-002

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