Search Results
Discussion Paper
The Post‑Pandemic Global R*
Del Negro, Marco; Elbarmi, Elena; Pham, Michael
(2026-02-25)
In this post we provide a measure of “global” r* using data on short- and long-term yields and inflation for several countries with the approach developed in “Global Trends in Interest Rates” (Del Negro, Giannone, Giannoni, and Tambalotti). After declining significantly from the 1990s to before the COVID-19 pandemic, global r* has risen but remains well below its pre-1990s level. These conclusions are based on an econometric model called “trendy VAR” that extracts common trends across a multitude of variables. Specifically, the common trend in real rates across all the countries ...
Liberty Street Economics
, Paper 20260225
Working Paper
Projecting the Impact of Rising Temperatures: The Role of Macroeconomic Dynamics
Casey, Gregory; Fried, Stephie; Goode, Ethan
(2022-08-18)
We use theory and empirics to distinguish between the impact of temperature on transition (temporary) and steady state (permanent) growth in output per capita. Standard economic theory suggests that the long-run growth rate of output per capita is determined entirely by the growth rate of total factor productivity (TFP). We find evidence suggesting that the level of temperature affects the level of TFP, but not the growth rate of TFP. This implies that a change in temperature will have a temporary, but not a permanent, impact on growth in output per capita. To highlight the quantitative ...
Working Paper Series
, Paper 2022-20
Speech
Optimal Macroeconomic Policies in a Heterogeneous World
Bullard, James B.; DiCecio, Riccardo; Singh, Aarti; Suda, Jacek
(2023-06-23)
Speech
Briefing
Networks, Innovation and Productivity: A Conference Recap
Mullin, John; Wells, Matthew
(2023-05)
How do employment targets affect firm dynamics? What is the relationship between inventor migration, and local productivity and knowledge spillovers? How are surplus gains from inventions distributed? These were among the questions addressed by economists during a recent Richmond Fed research conference.Economists from the Richmond Fed, research universities and other institutions met in Richmond for a conference in May. Researchers presented papers on a variety of topics, including digital advertising, R&D allocation, production networks, and knowledge creation and diffusion.
Richmond Fed Economic Brief
, Volume 23
, Issue 17
Discussion Paper
Why Does the U.S. Always Run a Trade Deficit?
Klitgaard, Thomas
(2025-05-20)
The obvious answer to the question of why the United States runs a trade deficit is that its export sales have not kept up with its demand for imports. A less obvious answer is that the imbalance reflects a macroeconomic phenomenon. Using national accounting, one can show deficits are also due to a persistent shortfall in domestic saving that requires funds from abroad to finance domestic investment spending. Reducing the trade imbalance therefore requires both more exports relative to imports and a narrowing of the gap between saving and investment spending.
Liberty Street Economics
, Paper 20250520
Speech
Challenges that the Recent Financial Market Turmoil Places on our Macroeconomic Toolkit
Evans, Charles L.
(2008-10-06)
Remarks by Charles L. Evans, President and Chief Executive Officer, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago Swiss National Bank Research Conference Zurich, Switzerland
Speech
, Paper 20
Journal Article
How Much Have Record Corporate Profits Contributed to Recent Inflation?
Glover, Andrew; Mustre-del-Rio, Jose; von Ende-Becker, Alice
(2023-01-12)
Andrew Glover, José Mustre-del-Río, and Alice von Ende-Becker present evidence that markup growth was a major contributor to inflation in 2021. Specifically, markups grew by 3.4 percent over the year, whereas inflation, as measured by the price index for Personal Consumption Expenditures, was 5.8 percent, suggesting that markups could account for more than half of 2021 inflation. However, the timing and cross-industry patterns of markup growth are more consistent with firms raising prices in anticipation of future cost increases, rather than an increase in monopoly power or higher demand.
Economic Review
, Volume vol.108
, Issue no.1
, Pages 13
Working Paper
An Interview with Neil Wallace
Nosal, Ed; Altig, David E.
(2013-11-30)
A few years ago we sat down with Neil Wallace and had two lengthy, free-ranging conversations about his career and, generally speaking, his views on economics. What follows is a distillation of these conversations.
Working Paper Series
, Paper WP-2013-25
Journal Article
Real Wage Growth at the Micro Level
Harding, Elisabeth; Gregory, Victoria
(2024-04-15)
This article investigates patterns in real wage growth in 2022 to determine whether wages have kept up with rising price levels and how this differs among labor market participants. Using the consumer price index for wages and imputing expenditure data from the Consumer Expenditure Survey, we separately measure nominal wage growth and inflation rates at the micro level. We find that there is more heterogeneity in the former, meaning that when we combine them, an individual's real wage growth is primarily driven by their nominal wage growth. In 2022, 57 percent of individuals experienced ...
Review
, Volume 106
, Issue 2
, Pages 87-105
Speech
Social Learning for the Masses
Bullard, James B.
(2023-02-04)
Speech
FILTER BY year
FILTER BY Bank
Federal Reserve Bank of New York 11 items
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 8 items
Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago 6 items
Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City 4 items
Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond 4 items
Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco 3 items
Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia 1 items
show more (2)
show less
FILTER BY Series
Liberty Street Economics 9 items
Speech 8 items
Working Paper Series 5 items
Richmond Fed Economic Brief 4 items
Economic Bulletin 2 items
Review 2 items
Staff Reports 2 items
Working Papers 2 items
Chicago Fed Letter 1 items
Economic Review 1 items
Research Working Paper 1 items
show more (6)
show less
FILTER BY Content Type
Discussion Paper 9 items
Speech 8 items
Working Paper 8 items
Journal Article 5 items
Briefing 4 items
Report 2 items
Newsletter 1 items
show more (2)
show less
FILTER BY Author
Del Negro, Marco 5 items
Bullard, James B. 3 items
Evans, Charles L. 2 items
Gleich, Aidan 2 items
Glover, Andrew 2 items
Goyal, Shlok 2 items
Gregory, Victoria 2 items
Harding, Elisabeth 2 items
Johnson, Alissa 2 items
Mustre-del-Rio, Jose 2 items
Sahin, Aysegul 2 items
Tambalotti, Andrea 2 items
Wells, Matthew 2 items
Almuzara, Martín 1 items
Altig, David E. 1 items
Baker, Katie 1 items
Bass, Mickenzie 1 items
Bertoldi, Moreno 1 items
Bundick, Brent 1 items
Cairó, Isabel 1 items
Casey, Gregory 1 items
Chakrabarti, Rajashri 1 items
Crawley, Edmund 1 items
Crump, Richard K. 1 items
Dawson, Jeffrey B. 1 items
DiCecio, Riccardo 1 items
Doh, Taeyoung 1 items
Elbarmi, Elena 1 items
Eusepi, Stefano 1 items
Fried, Stephie 1 items
Giannoni, Marc 1 items
Goode, Ethan 1 items
Gourio, François 1 items
Greenwood, Jeremy 1 items
Growiec, Jakub 1 items
Guner, Nezih 1 items
Harker, Patrick T. 1 items
Hobijn, Bart 1 items
Kalyani, Aakash 1 items
Karabarbounis, Marios 1 items
Karahan, Fatih 1 items
Klitgaard, Thomas 1 items
Leduc, Sylvain 1 items
Liu, Laura 1 items
Matthes, Christian 1 items
McAdam, Peter 1 items
Messer, Todd 1 items
Miles, Russell 1 items
Moran, Kevin 1 items
Moskow, Michael H. 1 items
Muck, Jakub 1 items
Mullin, John 1 items
Musalem, Alberto G. 1 items
Nichols, Jalen 1 items
Nosal, Ed 1 items
O’Keeffe, Hannah 1 items
Patel, Kushal 1 items
Pesenti, Paolo 1 items
Petrosky-Nadeau, Nicolas 1 items
Petrova, Katerina 1 items
Pham, Michael 1 items
Pilossoph, Laura 1 items
Pugsley, Benjamin 1 items
Rey, Helene 1 items
Romero, Jessica Sackett 1 items
Royal, James 1 items
Sablik, Timothy 1 items
Sbordone, Argia M. 1 items
Shin, Minchul 1 items
Siemer, Michael 1 items
Singh, Aarti 1 items
Suda, Jacek 1 items
Vandenbroucke, Guillaume 1 items
Vigfusson, Robert J. 1 items
Zhang, Jing 1 items
di Giovanni, Julian 1 items
von Ende-Becker, Alice 1 items
show more (72)
show less
FILTER BY Jel Classification
E2 7 items
E31 7 items
E24 4 items
E32 3 items
D22 2 items
E52 2 items
F00 2 items
G3 2 items
J11 2 items
J31 2 items
A11 1 items
B22 1 items
C32 1 items
C53 1 items
C55 1 items
D1 1 items
E43 1 items
E44 1 items
E50 1 items
E60 1 items
F01 1 items
F1 1 items
F4 1 items
J1 1 items
J64 1 items
L1 1 items
L16 1 items
O1 1 items
O30 1 items
O4 1 items
O40 1 items
O47 1 items
Q54 1 items
Z1 1 items
show more (29)
show less
FILTER BY Keywords
inflation 8 items
monetary policy 5 items
firm dynamics 3 items
trade 3 items
DSGE 2 items
business dynamism 2 items
consumption 2 items
demographics 2 items
employment 2 items
labor 2 items
nominal wage growth 2 items
pandemic 2 items
real wage growth 2 items
Assortative mating 1 items
Business cycles 1 items
COVID-19 1 items
China 1 items
Corporate profits 1 items
Del Negro 1 items
East Germany 1 items
Endogenous productivity 1 items
Europe 1 items
European Central Bank (ECB) 1 items
Financial market 1 items
Financial markets 1 items
Firms entry 1 items
GDP (gross domestic product) 1 items
Gross Domestic Product 1 items
Idea Production Function (IPF) 1 items
Innovation 1 items
Knowledge diffusion 1 items
Krusell-Smith 1 items
R&D capital 1 items
TVP-VAR 1 items
United States 1 items
VAR 1 items
advertising 1 items
asymmetries 1 items
baby boom 1 items
baby bust 1 items
balance 1 items
bank failures 1 items
business cycles 1 items
business dynamics 1 items
climate 1 items
climate change 1 items
consumer spending 1 items
consumers 1 items
corporate profits 1 items
current account 1 items
decision-making 1 items
deficit 1 items
earnings calls 1 items
econometrics 1 items
economist 1 items
economy 1 items
expectations 1 items
exports 1 items
family economics 1 items
female labor supply 1 items
fertility 1 items
financial distress 1 items
fiscal policy 1 items
forecasting 1 items
futures 1 items
growth 1 items
growth rates 1 items
heterogeneity 1 items
household income inequality 1 items
household production 1 items
housing prices 1 items
human capital 1 items
imports 1 items
income distribution 1 items
income growth 1 items
inequality 1 items
international 1 items
international economics 1 items
investment cycles 1 items
investments spending 1 items
labor market 1 items
labor markets 1 items
marriage and divorce 1 items
microeconomics 1 items
monetary economics 1 items
nowcasting 1 items
physical asset prices 1 items
population 1 items
population growth 1 items
premarital sex 1 items
production networks 1 items
productivity 1 items
quality-quantity tradeoff 1 items
quantitative theory 1 items
recessions 1 items
risk management 1 items
saving 1 items
single mothers 1 items
social change 1 items
social learning 1 items
stagflation 1 items
supply 1 items
survey paper 1 items
technological progress 1 items
temperature 1 items
trade policy 1 items
uncertainty 1 items
unemployment 1 items
vector autoregressions 1 items
women’s rights 1 items
show more (106)
show less