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Working Paper
Seven Economic Facts About the U.S. Racial Wealth Gap
Broady, Kristen; Booth-Bell, Darlene; Griffin, Taylor
(2022-07)
Using data from the 2019 Survey of Consumer Finances and the U.S. Census Bureau, along with data and research from other sources, this paper presents seven economic facts about the racial wealth gap in the U.S. We present data on racial disparities in income, employment, homeownership, education, access to credit, and retirement savings – all factors that contribute to a significant and persistent gap in net worth between households of different races and ethnicities, particularly between Black households and White households. While none of the economic factors listed fully explains the ...
Working Paper Series
, Paper WP 2022-32
Newsletter
How Does the Gig Economy Support Entrepreneurship?
Wolla, Scott A.
(2024-04)
Entrepreneurs take risks to develop new products and start new businesses. In the early phases of starting a business, when an entrepreneur’s income is sometimes lacking or unstable, the gig economy offers opportunities to supplement and smooth income. This Page One Economics® essay discusses this relationship, including some interesting research on the topic.
Page One Economics Newsletter
Newsletter
A Dollar’s Worth: Inflation Is Real
Bennett, Jeannette N.
(2021-12)
Understanding the reality of inflation can help consumers make decisions in personal finance. Learn more about inflation, how it’s measured, and how the inflation rate is calculated in the December 2021 issue of Page One Economics: Focus on Finance.
Page One Economics Newsletter
Working Paper
Social Interventions, Health and Wellbeing: The Long-Term and Intergenerational Effects of a School Construction Program
Mazumder, Bhashkar; Triyana, Margaret; Rosales, Maria Fernanda
(2019-10-28)
We analyze the long-run and intergenerational effects of a large-scale school building project (INPRES) that took place in Indonesia between 1974 and 1979. Specifically, we link the geographic rollout of INPRES to longitudinal data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey covering two generations. We find that individuals exposed to the program have better health later in life along multiple measures. We also find that the children of those exposed also experience improved health and educational outcomes and that these effects are generally stronger for maternal exposure than paternal exposure. ...
Working Paper Series
, Paper WP-2019-09
Discussion Paper
A History of SOMA Income
Bukhari, Meryam; Del Negro, Marco; Cambron, Alyssa; Remache, Julie
(2013-08-13)
Historically, the Federal Reserve has held mostly interest-bearing securities on the asset side of its balance sheet and, up until 2008, mostly currency on its liability side, on which it pays no interest. Such a balance sheet naturally generates income, which is almost entirely remitted to the U.S. Treasury once operating expenses and statutory dividends on capital are paid and sufficient earnings are retained to equate surplus capital to capital paid in. The financial crisis that began in late 2007 prompted a number of changes to the balance sheet. First, the asset side of the balance sheet ...
Liberty Street Economics
, Paper 20130813
Journal Article
Maintaining Housing Affordability: The Role of University Partnerships in Iowa City and Other Communities
George, Taz; Williams, Marva
(2016)
This article comprises two main elements; the first is a review of this process and those meetings. It begins with an overview of how UI policies have impacted affordable housing markets in Johnson County, the county home of Iowa City. The second section describes university partnerships that involve institutional engagement to address local housing issues and other local needs, shared by three university professionals from Drexel University, the University of Minnesota, and the University of Illinois at Chicago. The conclusion is a short description of next steps.
Profitwise
, Issue 4
, Pages 9-16
Discussion Paper
Racial and Income Gaps in Consumer Spending following COVID-19
Avtar, Ruchi; Chakrabarti, Rajashri; Pinkovskiy, Maxim L.; Topa, Giorgio
(2021-05-13)
This post is the first in a two-part series that seeks to understand whether consumer spending patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic evolved differentially across counties by race and income. As the pandemic hit and social distancing restrictions were put into place in March 2020, consumer spending plummeted. Subsequently, as social distancing restrictions began to be relaxed later in spring 2020, consumer spending started to rebound. We find that higher-income counties had a considerably steeper decline and a shallower recovery than low-income counties did. The differences by race were also ...
Liberty Street Economics
, Paper 20210513a
Journal Article
Why Immigration Is an Urban Phenomenon
Monras, Joan
(2023-07-03)
Immigration is fundamentally an urban phenomenon. Both in the United States and elsewhere, immigrants settle primarily in cities—especially high-wage, high cost-of-living cities. The most likely reason is that immigrants often send a significant share of their income back to their origin country. As a result, they value a city’s high wages and are less discouraged by the high living costs than native-born workers. Migration policies can reinforce this urban concentration pattern.
FRBSF Economic Letter
, Volume 2023
, Issue 16
, Pages 5
Discussion Paper
COVID-19 and Small Businesses: Uneven Patterns by Race and Income
Topa, Giorgio; Chakrabarti, Rajashri; Melcangi, Davide; Avtar, Ruchi; Pinkovskiy, Maxim L.
(2021-05-27)
The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in one of the sharpest recessions and recoveries in U.S. history. As the virus spread over the country in a matter of weeks in March 2020, most states rapidly locked down nonessential economic activity, which plummeted as a result. As the first wave of COVID-19 subsided and people gradually learned to “live with the virus,” states reversed most of the initial lockdowns and economic activity rebounded. In our ongoing Economic Inequality series, we have explored many aspects of how the economic turmoil associated with COVID-19 differentially affected ...
Liberty Street Economics
, Paper 20210527a
Speech
Panel Remarks: Supervisory and Regulatory Action to Support the Economy and Protect Consumers
Stiroh, Kevin J.
(2020-04-23)
Panel Remarks at The Fed and Main Street during the Coronavirus Pandemic, WebEx event, April 23, 2020.
Speech
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