Search Results
Working Paper
Living Up to Expectations: The Effectiveness of Forward Guidance and Inflation Dynamics Post-Global Financial Crisis
Martínez García, Enrique; Sims, Eric; Cole, Stephen J.
(2025-04-03)
This paper studies the effectiveness of forward guidance when central banks face private agents with heterogeneous expectations allowing for a degree of bounded rationality. Exploiting unique survey-based measures of expected inflation, output growth and interest rates, we estimate a small-scale New Keynesian model with forward guidance shocks for the United States and the other G7 countries plus Spain. We find that the share of fully-informed rational expectations (FIRE) agents in aggregate expectations is similar for the U.S., the U.K., Germany and other major advanced economies (albeit far ...
Globalization Institute Working Papers
, Paper 424
Speech
'Normal' monetary policy in words and deeds: remarks at Columbia University, School of International and Public Affairs, New York City
Williams, John C.
(2018-09-28)
Remarks at Columbia University, School of International and Public Affairs, New York City.
Speech
, Paper 292
Working Paper
Monetary Policy Uncertainty and Economic Fluctuations at the Zero Lower Bound
Doehr, Rachel; Martinez-Garcia, Enrique
(2021-11-11)
We propose a TVP-VAR with stochastic volatility for the unemployment rate, core inflation and the federal funds rate augmented with survey-based interest rate expectations and uncertainty and a FAVAR with a wider set of observable variables and alternative monetary policy measures in order to explore U.S. monetary policy, accounting for the zero lower bound. We find that a rise in monetary policy uncertainty increases unemployment and lowers core inflation; the effects on unemployment in particular are robust (a gradual 0.4 percentage point increase), lasting more than two years after the ...
Globalization Institute Working Papers
, Paper 412
Working Paper
Identification of Monetary Policy Shocks with External Instrument SVAR
Kim, Kyungmin
(2017-11-28)
We explore the use of external instrument SVAR to identify monetary policy shocks. We identify a forward guidance shock as the monetary shock component having zero instant impact on the policy rate. A contractionary forward guidance shock raises both future output and price level, stressing the relative importance of revealing policymakers' view on future output and price level over committing to a policy stance. We also decompose non-monetary structural shocks, and find that positive shocks to output and price level lead to monetary contraction. Since information on output and price level is ...
Finance and Economics Discussion Series
, Paper 2017-113
Working Paper
Policy Paradoxes in the New Keynesian Model
Kiley, Michael T.
(2014-02-11)
The most common New-Keynesian model--with sticky-prices--has potentially implausible implications in a zero-lower bound environment. Fiscal and forward guidance multipliers can be implausibly large. Moreover, the sticky-price model implies that positive supply shocks, such as an increase in productivity, will lower production, and that increased price flexibility can exacerbate such a decline in output (as well as amplifying the effects of other shocks). These results are fragile and disappear under a plausible alternative to sticky prices--sticky information: Fiscal and monetary multipliers ...
Finance and Economics Discussion Series
, Paper 2014-29
Working Paper
Forward guidance and the state of the economy
Throckmorton, Nathaniel A.; Keen, Benjamin D.; Richter, Alexander W.
(2016-11-08)
This paper examines forward guidance using a nonlinear New Keynesian model with a zero lower bound (ZLB) constraint on the nominal interest rate. Forward guidance is modeled with news shocks to the monetary policy rule. The effectiveness of forward guidance depends on the state of the economy, the speed of the recovery, the ZLB constraint, the degree of uncertainty, the monetary response to inflation, the size of the news shocks, and the forward guidance horizon. Specifically, the stimulus from forward guidance falls as the economy deteriorates or as households expect a slower recovery. When ...
Working Papers
, Paper 1612
Working Paper
The dollar during the global recession: US monetary policy and the exorbitant duty
Tang, Jenny; Stavrakeva, Vania
(2018-10-01)
We document that during the Global Recession, US monetary policy easings triggered the ?exorbitant duty? of the United States, the issuer of the world?s dominant currency, by causing a dollar appreciation and a transfer of wealth from the United States to the rest of the world. This dollar appreciation runs counter to the predictions of standard macroeconomic models and works through two channels: (i) a flight-to-safety effect which lowered the expected excess returns of holding safe US government debt relative to foreign debt and (ii) lowered expected future inflation in the United States ...
Working Papers
, Paper 18-10
Journal Article
Monetary Policy Stance Is Tighter than Federal Funds Rate
Choi, Jason; Doh, Taeyoung; Foerster, Andrew; Martinez, Zinnia
(2022-11-07)
The Federal Reserve’s use of forward guidance and balance sheet policy means that monetary policy consists of more than changing the federal funds rate target. A proxy federal funds rate that incorporates data from financial markets can help assess the broader stance of monetary policy. This proxy measure shows that, since late 2021, monetary policy has been substantially tighter than the federal funds rate indicates. Tightening financial conditions are similar to what would be expected if the funds rate had exceeded 5¼% by September 2022.
FRBSF Economic Letter
, Volume 2022
, Issue 30
, Pages 5
Working Paper
Should We Be Puzzled by Forward Guidance?
Bundick, Brent; Smith, Andrew Lee
(2020-04-30)
Although a growing literature argues output is too sensitive to future interest rates in standard macroeconomic models, little empirical evidence has been put forth to evaluate this claim. In this paper, we use a range of vector autoregression models to answer the central question of how much output responds to changes in interest rate expectations following a monetary policy shock. Despite distinct identification strategies and sample periods, we find surprising agreement regarding this elasticity across empirical models. We then show that in a standard model of nominal rigidity estimated ...
Research Working Paper
, Paper RWP 20-01
Speech
Comments on “A Skeptical View of the Impact of the Fed’s Balance Sheet”: remarks at the 2018 U.S. Monetary Policy Forum, New York City
Dudley, William
(2018-02-23)
Remarks at the 2018 U.S. Monetary Policy Forum, New York City.
Speech
, Paper 275
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