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Report
International trade and income differences
Waugh, Michael E. (2009)
I develop a novel view of the trade frictions between rich and poor countries by arguing that to reconcile bilateral trade volumes and price data within a standard gravity model, the trade frictions between rich and poor countries must be systematically asymmetric, with poor countries facing higher costs to export relative to rich countries. I provide a method to model these asymmetries and demonstrate the merits of my approach relative to alternatives in the trade literature. I then argue that these trade frictions are quantitatively important to understanding the large differences in ...
Staff Report , Paper 435

Discussion Paper
Falling Oil Prices and Global Saving
Klitgaard, Thomas; Russo, Patrick (2015-06-24)
The rise in oil prices from near $30 per barrel in 2000 to around $110 per barrel in mid-2014 was a dramatic reallocation of global income to oil producers. So what did oil producers do with this bounty? Trade data show that they spent about half of the increase in total export revenues on imports and the other half to buy foreign assets. The drop in oil prices will unwind this process. Oil-importing countries will gain from lower oil bills, but they will also see a decline in their exports to oil-producing countries and in purchases of their assets by investors in these countries. Indeed, ...
Liberty Street Economics , Paper 20150624

Journal Article
Comparing manufacturing export growth across states: what accounts for the differences?
Pollard, Patricia S.; Coughlin, Cletus C. (2001-01)
The expansion of United States manufacturing exports has spread unevenly across states. Cletus C. Coughlin and Patricia S. Pollard use shift-share analysis to account for the difference between a state?s manufacturing export growth and national manufacturing export growth between 1988 and 1998. Three effects are examined. The industry mix effect indicates that a state should have experienced export growth above the national average if its exports were relatively more concentrated in industries whose exports expanded faster than the national average. The destination effect indicates that a ...
Review , Volume 83 , Issue Jan , Pages 25-40

Working Paper
Do falling iceberg costs explain recent U.S. export growth?
Alessandria, George; Choi, Horag (2012)
We study empirically and theoretically the growth of U.S. manufacturing exports from 1987 to 2007. We identify the change in iceberg costs with plant-level data on the intensity of exporting by exporters. Given this change in iceberg costs, we find that a GE model with heterogeneous establishments and a sunk cost of starting to export is consistent with both aggregate U.S. export growth and the changes in the number and size of U.S. exporters. The model also captures the non-linear dynamics of U.S. export growth. A model without a sunk export cost generates substantially less trade growth and ...
Working Papers , Paper 12-20

Journal Article
Statements to Congress, March 24-25, 1987(bank-affiliated export trading companies)
Johnson, Manuel H. (1987-05)
Federal Reserve Bulletin , Issue May , Pages 341-346

Journal Article
District exports post double-digit growth
Grunewald, Rob (2006-05)
Fedgazette , Volume 18 , Issue May , Pages 22-23

Discussion Paper
Does a Data Quirk Inflate China’s Travel Services Deficit?
Klitgaard, Thomas; Wong, Anna; Higgins, Matthew (2019-08-07)
Chinese residents are increasingly traveling to see the rest of the world, logging a total of 162 million foreign visits in 2018, up from 57 million in 2010. Increased travel spending by Chinese residents is acting to reduce the country's trade surplus because such spending is counted as a services import. However, there appears to be a quirk in the Chinese data that results in a significant understatement of the offsetting spending by visitors to China (a services export). According to other Chinese data, this understatement totaled $85 billion in 2018. If so, China's deficit in travel ...
Liberty Street Economics , Paper 20190807

Report
New York merchandise exports
Leary, Mark; Howe, Howard (1995)
New York's merchandise export performance has lagged that of the U.S. economy over the first part of the 1990s. Such slippage could be due to slow growth in export markets, a concentration in slow-growth product lines, and/or declining competitiveness relative to the overall U.S. economy. We find that none of these factors fully explains the declining share of New York merchandise exports. New York's export markets are growing nearly as fast as the U.S. foreign market; New York exports are more concentrated in the industries with fastest export growth than the U.S. average; and New York's ...
Research Paper , Paper 9529

Working Paper
Exports, borders, distance, and plant size
Stevens, John J.; Holmes, Thomas J. (2010)
The fact that large manufacturing plants export relatively more than small plants has been at the foundation of much work in the international trade literature. We examine this fact using Census micro data on plant shipments from the Commodity Flow Survey. We show the fact is not entirely an international trade phenomenon; part of it can be accounted for by the effect of distance, distinct from any border effect. Export destinations tend to be further than domestic destinations, and large plants tend to ship further distances even to domestic locations, as compared with small plants. We ...
Finance and Economics Discussion Series , Paper 2010-38

Newsletter
Agricultural export forecast raised
Benjamin, Gary L. (1995-03)
Agricultural Letter , Issue Mar , Pages 1-2

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