Conference Paper
A summary of \"Federal Home Loan Bank advances and commercial bank portfolio composition\"
Passmore, Wayne; Hancock, Diana; Frame, W. Scott (2007)
Proceedings , Paper 1057

Working Paper
The Federal Home Loan Bank System: the lender of next-to-last resort?
Bech, Morten L.; Ashcraft, Adam B.; Frame, W. Scott (2009)
The Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) System is a large, complex, and understudied government-sponsored liquidity facility that currently has more than $1 trillion in secured loans outstanding, mostly to commercial banks and thrifts. This paper first documents the significant role played by the FHLB System at the outset of the ongoing financial crisis and then provides evidence about the uses of these funds by their bank and thrift members. We then identify the trade-offs faced by FHLB member-borrowers when choosing between accessing the FHLB System or the Federal Reserve's discount window during ...
FRB Atlanta Working Paper , Paper 2009-04

Journal Article
The housing giants in plain view
Yeager, Timothy J.; Vaughan, Mark D.; Emmons, William R. (2004-07)
These government-sponsored enterprises continue to make headlines because of their explosive growth and resulting heavyweight status within the nation's financial system.
The Regional Economist , Issue Jul , Pages 4-9

Journal Article
Fannie Mae's and Freddie Mac's voluntary initiatives: Lessons from banking
Frame, W. Scott; Wall, Larry D. (2002-01)
The federal government has an interest in the financial stability of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac because of their importance to financial markets and the government's implicit guarantee of their liabilities. ; In October 2000 these two housing government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) announced six voluntary initiatives. One initiative would enhance market discipline by having the GSEs issue subordinated debt. A second would boost liquidity by having the GSEs maintain a liquid securities portfolio. The other four initiatives would increase transparency by having the GSEs disclose their credit ...
Economic Review , Volume 87 , Issue Q1 , Pages 45-59

Journal Article
How Did the Fed Funds Market Change When Excess Reserves Were Abundant?
Nosal, Ed; McGowan, John (2020-03-01)
Prior to the 2007-2008 financial crisis, excess reserves in the U.S. banking system were scarce. After the financial crisis and up until early 2018, excess reserves were abundant. In this article, the authors document, analyze, and explain the differences in the performance of the federal funds market under the two different excess reserves frameworks.
Economic Policy Review , Volume 26 , Issue 1 , Pages 15

Journal Article
Is federal home loan bank funding a risky business for the FDIC?
Stojanovic, Dusan; Yeager, Timothy J.; Vaughan, Mark D. (2000-10)
Easy access to FHLB funds has helped community banks stay afloat in today's competitive markets, but could pose a risk to the FDIC's insurance fund.
The Regional Economist , Issue Oct , Pages 4-9

Journal Article
Federal Home Loan Bank mortgage purchases: Implications for mortgage markets
Frame, W. Scott (2003-07)
The Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) System is a government-sponsored enterprise created by Congress to support residential housing finance. Historically, the twelve regional wholesale banks that constitute the FHLB System have pursued this goal by making loans to their depository institution members secured by residential mortgage loans. In 1997, however, the Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago began purchasing pools of conforming mortgages under its Mortgage Partnership Finance Program. Today, nine FHLBs offer this program, and the remaining three offer their own Mortgage Purchase Programs. ; ...
Economic Review , Volume 88 , Issue Q3 , Pages 17-31

Working Paper
Federal Home Loan Bank advances and commercial bank portfolio composition
Passmore, Wayne; Hancock, Diana; Frame, W. Scott (2007)
The primary mission of the 12 cooperatively owned Federal Home Loan Banks (FHLBs) is to provide their members financial products and services to assist and enhance member housing finance. In this paper, we consider the role of the FHLBs' traditional product--"advances," or collateralized loans to members--in stabilizing commercial bank members' residential mortgage lending activities. ; Our theoretical model shows that using membership criteria (such as a minimum of 10 percent of the portfolio being in mortgage-related assets) or using mortgage-related assets as collateral does not ensure ...
Finance and Economics Discussion Series , Paper 2007-31

Journal Article
The evolving role of the Federal Home Loan Banks in mortgage markets
Maloney, Daniel K.; Thomson, James B. (2003-06)
The Federal Home Loan Banks are part of a system created by the federal government to promote home ownership. This Commentary looks at new initiatives undertaken by these government-sponsored enterprises to expand their role in financial markets-and the attendant implications for their balance sheets.
Economic Commentary , Issue Jun

Conference Paper
GSEs: why is effective government supervision hard to achieve?
Stanton, Thomas H. (2001)
Proceedings , Paper 704