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Journal Article
Labor, Race, and COVID-19
The pandemic altered long-standing racial differences in how workers experience the labor market
Supply-Chain Woes, Labor Shortages and COVID-19 Slow Resilient Texas Economy
Regional economic growth has slowed, though it remains robust by historical standards. While demand has improved from year-ago levels, supply-chain disruptions and labor shortages have limited output growth and pushed up wages and prices.
Report
CFI COVID-19 Survey of Consumers — Relief Programs, Vaccines, and the Effects of the Crisis on Renters and Mortgage Holders
In an effort to gain insights into the impact of COVID-19 on financial security in the U.S., the Consumer Finance Institute at the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia is conducting a series of national surveys of consumers that focus on changes in job status, income levels, and personal financial security. Data presented here represent results from the seventh wave of the survey conducted between January 4 and 15, 2021
Journal Article
Flexibility and Conversions in New York City's Housing Stock: Building for an Era of Rapid Change
Post-COVID, New York City faces reduced demand for commercial space in its central business districts, even as residential demand is resurgent. Just as in past eras of New York’s history, conversion of commercial spaces into housing may help the city adapt to these new market conditions and provide an additional pathway for producing badly needed housing. If 10 percent of office and hotel spaces were converted to residential use, around 75,000 homes would be created, concentrated in Midtown Manhattan. However, there are considerable obstacles to such conversions, including a slew of ...
Labor Shortages, Supply Chain Woes Slow Texas Recovery
The Texas economy is on the path to a solid recovery, although the pace of growth has eased since March, recent data suggest.
Discussion Paper
Deciphering the Disinflation Process
U.S. inflation surged in the early post-COVID period, driven by several economic shocks such as supply chain disruptions and labor supply constraints. Following its peak at 6.6 percent in September 2022, core consumer price index (CPI) inflation has come down rapidly over the last two years, falling to 3.6 percent recently. What explains the rapid shifts in U.S. inflation dynamics? In a recent paper, we show that the interaction between supply chain pressures and labor market tightness amplified the inflation surge in 2021. In this post, we argue that these same forces that drove the ...
Briefing
COVID Transfers Dampening Employment Growth, but Not Necessarily a Bad Thing
Overall employment levels have remained below their pre-pandemic level and are growing only slowly despite rising wages and vacancies. In this Economic Brief, we examine whether historically high government support may have empowered workers to pull back from labor markets. While that support presents a clear benefit to recipients, a simple calculation based on recent estimates indicates that transfers of close to $2 trillion to households approved over the course of 2020 and 2021 implies a reduction of 0.58 percentage points in the employment-to-population ratio.