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Minority Depository Institutions Have Vital Role Serving Vulnerable Communities
Cetina, Jill; Klemme, Kelly; Perez, Michael (2022-02-01)
Minority depository institutions merit particular attention because of the unique role they play in nurturing economic activity in minority and low- and moderate-income communities.
Dallas Fed Economics

Discussion Paper
Just Released: What Do Banking Supervisors Do?
Lucca, David O.; Hirtle, Beverly (2015-05-28)
In most developed economies, banking is among the most regulated and supervised sectors. While 'regulation' and 'supervision' are often used interchangeably, these two activities are distinct. Banking supervision is a complement to regulation, but its scope is much broader than simply ensuring that an institution is in compliance with regulation. Despite the importance of supervision, information about it is often limited, both because of the heavy reliance upon banks' confidential information and because many supervisory activities and actions are themselves confidential. In a recently ...
Liberty Street Economics , Paper 20150528

Journal Article
The Global Pandemic and Run on Shadow Banks
Sengupta, Rajdeep (2020-05-11)
In March, the global coronavirus pandemic led to a period of financial stress in which credit conditions tightened at an unprecedented pace. Elements of this stress period can be explained as a classic run on “shadow banks”—nonbank financial institutions that fund long-term assets with short-term debt. Although timely Federal Reserve interventions restored some calm to markets, shadow banks remain vulnerable to future runs because they lack the safeguards available to regulated depository institutions.
Economic Bulletin , Issue May 11, 2020 , Pages 5

Working Paper
The Effect of Common Ownership on Profits : Evidence From the U.S. Banking Industry
Gramlich, Jacob P.; Grundl, Serafin J. (2018-10-03)
Theory predicts that "common ownership" (ownership of rivals by a common shareholder) can be anticompetitive because it reduces the weight firms place on their own profits and shifts weight toward rival firms held by common shareholders. In this paper we use accounting data from the banking industry to examine empirically whether shifts in the profit weights are associated with shifts in profits. We present the distribution of a wide range of estimates that vary the specification, sample restrictions, and assumptions used to calculate the profit weights. The distribution of estimates is ...
Finance and Economics Discussion Series , Paper 2018-069

Journal Article
Shadow banking and the crisis of 2007-08
Sanches, Daniel R. (2014-04)
In recent decades, institutions that function much like traditional banks have grown outside regulatory oversight. Yet, as Daniel Sanches explains, these so-called shadow banks are as vulnerable to runs as regular banks. Because banking crises can inflict lasting economic harm, economists are interested in tracing how the panic ensued in the shadow system.
Business Review , Issue Q2 , Pages 7-14

Working Paper
The Macroeconomic Implications of CBDC: A Review of the Literature
Infante, Sebastian; Kim, Kyungmin; Orlik, Anna; Silva, André F.; Tetlow, Robert J. (2022-11-17)
This paper provides an overview of the literature examining how the introduction of a CBDC would affect the banking sector, financial stability, and the implementation and transmission of monetary policy in a developed economy such as the United States. A CBDC has the potential to improve welfare by reducing financial frictions in deposit markets, by boosting financial inclusion, and by improving the transmission of monetary policy. However, a CBDC also entails noteworthy risks, including the possibility of bank disintermediation and associated contraction in bank credit, as well as potential ...
Finance and Economics Discussion Series , Paper 2022-076

Energy Financing Trends Consistent with Renewables’ Growth
Byun, Sung Je; Kneip, Joe; Cetina, Jill (2021-02-23)
Equity markets appear to favor renewable-energy producers relative to their hydrocarbon counterparts. However, the relatively smaller size of many renewables projects complicates direct comparisons of bank lending to hydrocarbon and renewable entities.
Dallas Fed Economics

Life Insurers’ Preference for Familiar Bond Issuers Limits COVID-19 Shock Transmission
Almeida, Alex; Barbosa, Monica; Ozdagli, Ali K. (2021-10-05)
Despite regulations that encourage diversification and informational symmetry among buyers, insurance companies tend to lend to their current borrowers. This bondholder–issuer relationship moderates the effect of transitory economic shocks such as those associated with the onset of COVID-19.
Dallas Fed Economics

Working Paper
Heterogeneous bank lending responses to monetary policy: new evidence from a real-time identification
Bowdler, Christopher; Bluedorn, John C.; Koch, Christoffer (2014-03-01)
We present new evidence on how heterogeneity in banks interacts with monetary policy changes to impact bank lending, at both the bank and U.S. state levels. Using an exogenous policy measure identified from narratives on FOMC intentions and real-time economic forecasts, we find much stronger dynamic effects and greater heterogeneity in U.S. bank lending responses than that found in previous research based on realized federal funds rate changes. Our findings suggest that studies using realized monetary policy changes confound monetary policy?s effects with those of changes in expected ...
Working Papers , Paper 1404

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