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Working Paper
The Systematic Component of Monetary Policy in SVARs: An Agnostic Identification Procedure
Rubio-Ramirez, Juan F.; Caldara, Dario; Arias, Jonas E. (2016-12-01)
This paper studies the effects of monetary policy shocks using structural VARs. We achieve identification by imposing sign and zero restrictions on the systematic component of monetary policy. Importantly, our identification scheme does not restrict the contemporaneous response of output to a monetary policy shock. Using data for the period 1965?2007, we consistently find that an increase in the federal funds rate induces a contraction in output. We also find that monetary policy shocks are contractionary during the Great Moderation. Finally, we show that the identification strategy in Uhlig ...
FRB Atlanta Working Paper , Paper 2016-15

Working Paper
Is bank debt special for the transmission of monetary policy? Evidence from the stock market
Ippolito, Filippo; Ozdagli, Ali K.; Perez, Ander (2013-09-01)
We combine existing balance sheet and stock market data with two new datasets to study whether, how much, and why bank lending to firms matters for the transmission of monetary policy. The first new dataset enables us to quantify the bank dependence of firms precisely, as the ratio of bank debt to total assets. We show that a two standard deviation increase in the bank dependence of a firm makes its stock price about 25 percent more responsive to monetary policy shocks. We explore the channels through which this effect occurs, and find that the stock prices of bank-dependent firms that borrow ...
Working Papers , Paper 13-17

Working Paper
Inflation dynamics: the role of public debt and policy regimes
Bhattarai, Saroj; Park, Woong Yong; Lee, Jae Won (2012)
We investigate the roles of a time-varying inflation target and monetary and fiscal policy stances on the dynamics of inflation in a DSGE model. Under an active monetary and passive fiscal policy regime, inflation closely follows the path of the inflation target and a stronger reaction of monetary policy to inflation decreases the equilibrium response of inflation to non-policy shocks. In sharp contrast, under an active fiscal and passive monetary policy regime, inflation moves in an opposite direction from the inflation target and a stronger reaction of monetary policy to inflation increases ...
Globalization Institute Working Papers , Paper 124

Working Paper
Monetary Policy Expectations, Fund Managers, and Fund Returns: Evidence from China
Ammer, John; Rogers, John; Wang, Gang; Yu, Yang (2020-06-25)
Although many central banks in the 21st century have become more transparent, Chinese monetary policy communications have been relatively opaque, making it more difficult for financial market participants to make decisions that depend on the future path of interest rates. We conduct a novel systematic textual analysis of the discussion in the quarterly reports of China fund managers, from which we infer their near-term expectations for monetary policy. We construct an aggregate index of manager expectations and show that, as a forecast of Chinese monetary policy, it compares favorably with ...
International Finance Discussion Papers , Paper 1285

Report
Regional heterogeneity and the refinancing channel of monetary policy
Beraja, Martin; Hurst, Erik; Fuster, Andreas; Vavra, Joseph (2015-06-01)
We argue that the time-varying regional distribution of housing equity influences the aggregate consequences of monetary policy through its effects on mortgage refinancing. Using detailed loan-level data, we show that regional differences in housing equity affect refinancing and spending responses to interest rate cuts but that these effects vary over time with changes in the regional distribution of house price growth. We then build a heterogeneous household model of refinancing with both mortgage borrowers and lenders and use it to explore the aggregate implications for monetary policy ...
Staff Reports , Paper 731

Report
An investigation of the gains from commitment in monetary policy
Tambalotti, Andrea; Schaumburg, Ernst (2003-08-01)
This paper proposes a simple framework for analyzing a continuum of monetary policy rules characterized by differing degrees of credibility, in which commitment and discretion become special cases of what we call quasi commitment. The monetary policy authority is assumed to formulate optimal commitment plans, to be tempted to renege on them, and to succumb to this temptation with a constant exogenous probability known to the private sector. By interpreting this probability as a continuous measure of the (lack of) credibility of the monetary policy authority, we investigate the welfare effect ...
Staff Reports , Paper 171

Working Paper
Stock-Bond Return Correlation, Bond Risk Premium Fundamentals, and Fiscal-Monetary Policy Regime
Zhang, Ji; Zha, Tao; Li, Erica X.N.; Zhou, Hao (2020-10-02)
We incorporate regime switching between monetary and fiscal policies in a general equilibrium model to explain three stylized facts: (1) the positive stock-bond return correlation from 1971 to 2000 and the negative one after 2000, (2) the negative correlation between consumption and inflation from 1971 to 2000 and the positive one after 2000, and (3) the coexistence of positive bond risk premiums and the negative stock-bond return correlation. We show that two distinctive shocks—the technology and investment shocks—drive positive and negative stock-bond return correlations under two ...
FRB Atlanta Working Paper , Paper 2020-19

Working Paper
The Systematic Component of Monetary Policy in SVARs: An Agnostic Identification Procedure
Rubio-Ramirez, Juan F.; Caldara, Dario; Arias, Jonas E. (2015-03-12)
Following Leeper, Sims, and Zha (1996), we identify monetary policy shocks in SVARs by restricting the systematic component of monetary policy. In particular, we impose sign and zero restrictions only on the monetary policy equation. Since we do not restrict the response of output to a monetary policy shock, we are agnostic in Uhlig's (2005) sense. But, in contrast to Uhlig (2005), our results support the conventional view that a monetary policy shock leads to a decline in output. Hence, our results show that the contractionary effects of monetary policy shocks do not hinge on questionable ...
International Finance Discussion Papers , Paper 1131

Journal Article
Allan Meltzer and the Search for a Nominal Anchor
Bullard, James B. (2018)
The author examines Allan Meltzer?s career in terms of the search of a nominal anchor for the U.S. Inflation targeting has provided a nominal anchor, in line with Meltzer?s view of inflation as a monetary phenomenon.
Review , Volume 100 , Issue 2 , Pages 117-26

Working Paper
Household inflation expectations and consumer spending: evidence from panel data
Burke, Mary A.; Ozdagli, Ali K. (2013-12-18)
With nominal interest rates at the zero lower bound, an important question for monetary policy is whether, as predicted in prior theoretical work, an increase in inflation expectations would boost current consumer spending. Using survey panel data for the period from April 2009 to November 2012, we examine the relationship between a household's inflation expectations and its current spending, taking into account other factors such as the household's wage growth expectations, the uncertainty surrounding its inflation expectations, macroeconomic conditions, and unobserved heterogeneity at the ...
Working Papers , Paper 13-25

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