Search Results
Working Paper
Money, liquidity and welfare
Wen, Yi
(2014-02-07)
This paper develops an analytically tractable Bewley model of money demand to shed light on some important questions in monetary theory, such as the welfare cost of inflation. It is shown that when money is a vital form of liquidity to meet uncertain consumption needs, the welfare costs of inflation can be extremely large. With log utility and parameter values that best match both the aggregate money demand curve suggested by Lucas (2000) and the variance of household consumption, agents in our model are willing to reduce consumption by 3% ~ 4% to avoid 10% annual inflation. The astonishingly ...
Working Papers
, Paper 2014-3
Working Paper
Voluntary Reserve Targets
Baughman, Garth; Carapella, Francesca
(2018-05-07)
This paper updates the standard workhorse model of banks' reserve management to include frictions inherent to money markets. We apply the model to study monetary policy implementation through an operating regime involving voluntary reserve targets (VRT). When reserves are abundant, as is the case following the unconventional policies adopted during the recent financial crisis, operating regimes based on reserve requirements may lead to a collapse in interbank trade. We show that, no matter the relative abundance of reserves, VRT encourage market activity and support the central bank's control ...
Finance and Economics Discussion Series
, Paper 2018-032
Journal Article
The issuance of series-1996 $100 Federal Reserve notes: goals, strategy, and likely results.
Pianalto, Rosanna S.; Allison, Theodore E.
(1997-07)
In March 1996, the Federal Reserve began issuing series-1996 $100 Federal Reserve notes. Culminating a cooperative effort by the U.S. Department of the Treasury and the Federal Reserve System that dated from the 1980s, the series-1996 note was the first major design change in U.S. currency in sixty-six years. The new note was developed to provide better protection for users of U.S. currency against the growing threat of counterfeiting, especially that posed by increasingly affordable and capable color scanning and printing systems. This article discusses the Federal Reserve's strategy for ...
Federal Reserve Bulletin
, Volume 83
, Issue Jul
Working Paper
An Analysis of the Literature on International Unconventional Monetary Policy
Bhattarai, Saroj; Neely, Christopher J.
(2016-11-28)
This paper critically evaluates the literature on international unconventional monetary policies. We begin by reviewing the theories of how such heterogeneous policies could work. Empirically, event studies provide compelling evidence that international asset purchase announcements have strongly influenced international bond yields, exchange rates, and equity prices in the desired manner and curtailed market perceptions of extreme events. Calibrated modeling and vector autoregressive (VAR) exercises imply that these policies significantly improved macroeconomic outcomes, raising output and ...
Working Papers
, Paper 2016-21
Working Paper
Lending Relationships and Optimal Monetary Policy
Bethune, Zachary; Rocheteau, Guillaume; Wong, Russell; Zhang, Cathy
(2020-09-25)
We construct and calibrate a monetary model of corporate finance with endogenous formation of lending relationships. The equilibrium features money demands by firms that depend on their access to credit and a pecking order of financing means. We describe the mechanism through which monetary policy affects the creation of relationships and firms' incentives to use internal or external finance. We study optimal monetary policy following an unanticipated destruction of relationships under different commitment assumptions. The Ramsey solution uses forward guidance to expedite creation of new ...
Working Paper
, Paper 20-13
Working Paper
Historical Patterns of Inequality and Productivity around Financial Crises
Paul, Pascal
(2020-03-25)
To understand the determinants of financial crises, previous research focused on developments closely related to financial markets. In contrast, this paper considers changes originating in the real economy as drivers of financial instability. To this end, I assemble a novel data set of long-run measures of income inequality, productivity, and other macrofinancial indicators for advanced economies. I find that rising top income inequality and low productivity growth are robust predictors of crises, and their slowmoving trend components largely explain these relations. Moreover, recessions that ...
Working Paper Series
, Paper 2017-23
Working Paper
Reaffirming the Influence of Milton Friedman on U.K. Economic Policy
Nelson, Edward
(2017-09-22)
This paper finds a significant influence of Milton Friedman on U.K. economic policy from the 1970s onward, and especially during the period of the Thatcher Government. The finding is based on a consideration of statements by policymakers and key economic advisers, as well as an analysis of Friedman?s commentary in the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s on U.K. economic developments. Explicit, public acknowledgments of Friedman's influence were given by Margaret Thatcher, Chancellor of the Exchequer Geoffrey Howe, Bank of England officials, and others in policy circles. Examples of Friedman's influence ...
Finance and Economics Discussion Series
, Paper 2017-096
Working Paper
Breaks in the Phillips Curve: Evidence from Panel Data
Wright, Jonathan H.
(2023-04-04)
We revisit time-variation in the Phillips curve, applying new Bayesian panel methods with breakpoints to US and European Union disaggregate data. Our approach allows us to accurately estimate both the number and timing of breaks in the Phillips curve. It further allows us to determine the existence of clusters of industries, cities, or countries whose Phillips curves display similar patterns of instability and to examine lead-lag patterns in how individual inflation series change. We find evidence of a marked flattening in the Phillips curves for US sectoral data and among EU countries, ...
Finance and Economics Discussion Series
, Paper 2023-015
Working Paper
Does Price Regulation Affect Competition? Evidence from Credit Card Solicitations
Ronen, Joshua; Li, Geng; Dou, Yiwei
(2019-03-25)
We study the unintended consequences of consumer financial regulations, focusing on the CARD Act, which restricts consumer credit card issuers? ability to raise interest rates. We estimate the competitive responsiveness-the degree to which a credit card issuer changes offered interest rates in response to changes in interest rates offered by its competitors-as a measure of competition in the credit card market. Using small business card offers, which are not subject to the Act, as a control group, we find a significant decline in the competitive responsiveness after the Act. The decline in ...
Finance and Economics Discussion Series
, Paper 2019-018
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