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Series:Cascade  Bank:Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia 

Journal Article
A Perspective on the Community Reinvestment Act

This year marks the 40th anniversary of the passage of the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA). The CRA placed an affirmative obligation on banks and thrifts to provide credit in the communities in which they serve, particularly in low- and moderate-income (LMI) neighborhoods. Indeed, there is evidence that the CRA has made important contributions in bringing capital into these communities
Cascade , Volume 2

Journal Article
The National Fund for Workforce Solutions: The Impact and Challenges of Its Workforce Partnership Model

The recent economic recession and equally anemic recovery have dramatically changed the job outlook for low-wage workers and disadvantaged youth in America. In addition, the Great Recession has accelerated the long-term trend toward requiring workers to have a higher skill set to obtain jobs that pay family-supporting wages. The recession also highlighted the fact that workers need both sector- and firm-specific skills as well as connections to employers in order to obtain jobs that pay reasonable wages. However, as middle-skill jobs (e.g., welders, paralegals, radiology technicians, and ...
Cascade , Volume 1

Journal Article
The Housing Market and Its Influences

The housing market influences our economic and social well-being. It serves as a prime mover of overall economic activity, the foundation for wealth creation, and the basis for the landscape of our neighborhoods as well as the dynamic relationship between cities (particularly older ones) and suburbs. The recent downturn in the housing market generated changes in its aforementioned influences. It also fostered changes in the regulatory environment in the mortgage market. These topics were discussed at the 2014 Reinventing Older Communities conference.
Cascade , Volume 2

Journal Article
BankWork$ Gives Underemployed Residents Access to Entry-Level Banking Positions

Low-income residents facing employment barriers are obtaining entry-level job opportunities in the banking industry through a program launched 10 years ago in Los Angeles. The program, BankWork$, is undergoing a planned national replication.
Cascade , Volume 3

Journal Article
Tracking Philanthropic Support for Community and Economic Development: New Research from Two Federal Reserve Banks

How many grants do large foundations direct towards community and economic development (CED) activities? What kinds of activities are supported with these funds? Which metro areas receive the most philanthropic support and which receive the least?1 And why do some metro areas receive more than others? These are the questions that researchers at the community development departments of the Federal Reserve Banks of Philadelphia and Atlanta answer in newly completed research.
Cascade , Volume 4

Journal Article
Anchor Institutions: Addressing Community Needs

How can anchor institutions catalyze change and positively impact the neighborhoods and communities that surround them? In her 20 years of research, Kathryn Edin, distinguished professor in the Department of Sociology at Johns Hopkins University, has chronicled the loss of the rich network of neighborhood institutions that knit communities together and create ?social cohesion.?
Cascade , Volume 4

Journal Article
Training for Jobs in the Emerging Energy-Efficiency Industry

The nonprofit Energy Coordinating Agency (ECA) of Philadelphia, Inc. has trained about 2,000 low- and moderate-income adults and teenagers during the past 18 months for jobs in the energy-efficiency field and is simultaneously taking steps to help develop this emerging industry.
Cascade , Volume 1

Journal Article
Rental Housing Affordability Impacts Educational and Employment Opportunities*

Though safe, stable housing is widely recognized as a basic human need, it is far from assured for many renters in the Third Federal Reserve District. Across Delaware, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania, the lowest-income renters faced severe shortages of affordable and available units (Figure 1) in 2014, leading to widespread housing cost burdens among households with the most limited means. In all three states, the share of lower-income renter households with unaffordable housing costs1 grew significantly from 2005 to 2014, ranging from over two-thirds in Pennsylvania to more than three-quarters ...
Cascade , Volume 1

Journal Article
The Role of Transportation in Fostering Economic Mobility in Northeastern Pennsylvania

The Scranton Area Community Foundation (SACF), founded 63 years ago to promote change and growth in northeastern Pennsylvania, embarked on a series of community discussions more than a year ago to elicit information about the region?s opportunities for economic growth
Cascade , Volume 3

Journal Article
Small Businesses Report Better Financing Outcomes

Small businesses provide substantial employment and services and are an important part of the U.S. economy. One measure of small business conditions is the findings of the 2015 Small Business Credit Survey1 (SBCS). The survey, which is a collaborative effort of the community development departments of the Federal Reserve Banks of New York, Atlanta, Boston, Cleveland, Philadelphia, Richmond, and St. Louis, includes responses from small businesses operating in 26 states.2 This article summarizes highlights of the 2015 SBCS.
Cascade , Volume 2

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