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Content Type:Briefing 

Briefing
Getting to Work in New England: Commuting Patterns across the Region

Commuting is nearly ubiquitous across New England. Employers in cities and towns large and small depend on workers who commute from communities near and far. Communities, in turn, rely on employers located in cities and towns scattered in every direction to provide jobs for their residents. Workers may choose to live in a city other than where they work for a host of reasons, including housing and transportation options, school preferences, and work locations of a partner or spouse. This Regional Brief analyzes data on current commuting patterns, using 2022 New England data primarily. While ...
New England Public Policy Center Regional Brief , Paper 2025-2

Briefing
Is Urban Cool Cooling New Jersey’s Job Market?

Since 2000, employment in New Jersey has slowed considerably compared with its relatively steady growth in the late 1980s through the 1990s. As of the second quarter of 2015, New Jersey?s total payroll employment was less than 1 percent greater than it was in the first quarter of 2000.
Research Brief , Issue Q4

Briefing
Who Values Access to College?

A quantitative model of college enrollment suggests that the value of college access varies greatly across individuals. Forty percent place no value on the option to attend despite large public subsidies, while 25 percent would enroll even without the subsidies. In the model, redirecting public funds from those who attend college irrespective of subsidies to those who don’t attend even with subsidies both preserves college enrollment and improves overall outcomes. While these two groups are clearly visible only in the model, and not in the data, this analysis suggests that more-targeted ...
Richmond Fed Economic Brief , Issue 20-03 , Pages 5

Briefing
Neobanks: Banks by Any Other Name?

Neobanks, or digital banks, are bank-like providers of financial services that operate through apps and aim to appeal to different consumer groups through innovative features and design. Whether or not neobanks evolve into full banks, they have the potential to affect the traditional banking model.
Payments System Research Briefing

Briefing
Why Is Geographic Mobility Declining?

Key TakeawaysIn the U.S., people of all ages are moving less than they did 30 years ago. In this article, we describe some of the leading economic explanations for this decline in geographic mobility.One set of explanations focuses on long-term trends such as population aging and expanding earnings opportunities for women.Another set of explanations focuses on changes in the geographic distribution of earnings, urban amenities and housing prices.
Richmond Fed Economic Brief , Volume 25 , Issue 19

Briefing
2020 Richmond Fed Research Digest

Summaries of work by economists in the Bank’s Research Department published externally from June 1, 2019, through May 31, 2020
Research Digest

Briefing
Creating Data Citation Templates for Economics

Copy and paste citation tools exist for traditional academic publication types from places like Citation Machine or Google Scholar, but similar plugins for datasets are scarce. In response, the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City built a data citation template for all acquired proprietary data sources and selected open data sources to allow economists to copy and paste data citations into their preferred word processing program.
Technical Briefings , Paper TB 18-04

Briefing
What Does the FOMC's Shift in Fed Funds Rate Target Language Mean?

Richmond Fed Economic Brief , Volume 21 , Issue 22

Briefing
How Well Do Firms Retain Customers After Price Increases?

Economists at the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond and the Einaudi Institute for Economics and Finance developed a model that studies the optimal price setting of a firm. Using microdata from the U.S. retail industry, we document that customer turnover responds to price changes. Therefore, to keep customers, firms do not completely pass productivity shocks through to their prices. The price pass-through is heterogeneous across firms, with the most productive firms passing through more.
Richmond Fed Economic Brief , Volume 23 , Issue 16

Briefing
Five Decades of Decline: U.S. Construction Sector Productivity

Construction labor productivity fell by more than 30 percent from 1970 to 2020, while overall U.S. economic productivity doubled over the same period.Despite potential biases in price deflators, multiple studies confirm that the productivity decline is real, with physical measures like housing units per worker showing similar stagnation.Increasing land-use regulations may be a plausible cause for the decline, as more strict land-use regulations disincentivize construction companies from pursuing larger projects, keeping them relatively small. In addition, this reduces incentives for ...
Richmond Fed Economic Brief , Volume 25 , Issue 31

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