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Author:Grittayaphong, Praew 

Journal Article
COVID-19: Fiscal Implications and Financial Stability in Developing Countries

The COVID-19 pandemic has been unlike any other crisis that we have experienced in that it hit all economies in the world at the same time, compromising the risk-sharing ability of nations. At the onset of the pandemic, the World Bank (WB) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) jointly pledged 1.16 trillion U.S. dollars to help emerging economies deal with COVID-19. Would this amount have been enough to preserve financial stability in a worst case scenario, and what were the fiscal implications of the pandemic? In this article we aim to answer these questions by documenting the size of the ...
Review , Volume 105 , Issue 3 , Pages 137-149

COVID-19 and Unauthorized Immigration at the Southwest Border

A drop in U.S. enforcement encounters in the spring suggested the pandemic temporarily slowed unauthorized entry attempts, but such encounters have risen in recent months.
On the Economy

Bretton Woods and the Growth of the Eurodollar Market

The postwar system of fixed exchange rates forced many countries to impose capital/currency controls. Banks created a loophole with the eurodollar.
On the Economy

Military Expenditures: How Do the Top-Spending Nations Compare?

An analysis looks at how defense spending among the top six nations has changed since 1992, what has driven the changes and what it might mean for future spending.
On the Economy

Journal Article
Educational Attainment of Immigrants at the National and Eighth District Levels

What role does the foreign-born population play in the economy? Educational attainment and earnings data shed light on potential contributions.
The Regional Economist , Volume 28 , Issue 4

Is a Soft Landing Possible? What the Beveridge Curve Reveals

Adjusting the Beveridge curve to exclude the effect of workers switching jobs suggests that the vacancy rate could fall to pre-pandemic levels without causing the U.S. jobless rate to exceed a 2001-23 average.
On the Economy

Working Paper
COVID-19: fiscal implications and financial stability in developing countries

The COVID-19 pandemic is unlike any other crisis that we have experienced in that it hit all economies in the world at the same time, compromising the risk sharing ability of nations. At the onset of the pandemic, the World Bank (WB) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) jointly pledged 1.16 trillion dollars to help emerging economies deal with COVID-19. Would this amount have been enough to preserve financial stability in a worst case scenario? What were the fiscal implications of the pandemic? In this paper we aim to answer these questions by documenting the size of the fiscal measures ...
Working Papers , Paper 2022-028

How Does St. Louis-Area Immigration Differ from National Trends?

Local immigrants with at least a bachelor’s degree are more likely to specialize in the physical sciences than immigrants nationally.
On the Economy

Why Financial Sanctions Might Not End Russia’s War on Ukraine

A study that examined sovereign risk among oil-exporting countries provides insights into why sanctions may not deter Russia, a major oil-exporter.
On the Economy

Journal Article
Commercial Loans Rise Sharply during COVID-19 Pandemic

During the first several months of the COVID-19 pandemic, commercial lending increased as small businesses sought loans from the Paycheck Protection Program.
The Regional Economist

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