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Working Paper
Posted rates as signals in mortgage lending markets
A discussion of how mortgage lenders might use posted lending terms to signal both their eagerness to take new loan applications and their lending standards.
Journal Article
Performance & profitability of CRA-related lending
Three Federal Reserve Board economists overview their study on a much-questioned but little-researched topic. Commentary on the study is also included with this article.
Journal Article
CRA special lending programs
The Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) of 1977 encourages federally insured banking institutions to help meet the credit needs of their communities, including those of lower-income areas, in a manner consistent with their safe and sound operation. In responding to the CRA, many banking institutions have sought to expand lending to lower-income populations through special lending programs that seek out and assist such borrowers in a variety of ways. These programs, many of which include third parties such as government agencies and nonprofit groups, are often an important element of an ...
Journal Article
Making judgments about mortgage lending patterns
A discussion of discrepancies in methods of evaluating evidence on mortgage-lending discrimination in minority and low-income areas, outlining fundamental differences between studies that focus mostly on neighborhood characteristics and regulatory-agency compliance examinations that concentrate on the attributes of individual lenders.
Journal Article
Information dynamics and CRA strategy
A look at how the quantity and source of information flowing to lenders can affect their credit decisions, and an argument that lenders should take advantage of the CRA provisions that allow them to address their obligations through joint-lending programs and qualified investments.
Working Paper
Cross-lender variation in home mortgage lending
A lender-specific analysis of differences in minority and low-income mortgage loan originations using new applicant-level data gathered under the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act of 1975.
Journal Article
Financial characteristics of high-income families
Working Paper
Lender consistency in housing credit markets
An examination of how and why individual financial institutions vary in their propensity to attract and approve mortgage applications from minorities, using Home Mortgage Disclosure Act data.
Journal Article
Money and interest rates under a reserves operating target
This study examines the short-run dynamic relationships between nonborrowed reserves, the federal funds rate, and transaction accounts using daily data from 1979 through 1982. Separate models are estimated for each day of the week, and simulation experiments are performed. The results suggest that the funds rate responded quite rapidly to a change in nonborrowed reserves, but that the short-run nonborrowed reserves multiplier for transaction accounts was only about 18 percent of its theoretical maximum. In addition, the Federal Reserve appeared to accommodate about 65 percent of a permanent ...