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Discussion Paper
How is Geopolitical Fragmentation Reshaping U.S. Foreign Direct Investment?
With the rise of geopolitical tensions, public commentary and new research have raised concerns about the reallocation of economic activities along geopolitical lines. Early evidence suggests that trade patterns, supply chains, and investment are shifting away from China and toward alternative countries.
Working Paper
Breaking Up: Fragmentation in Foreign Direct Investment
Rising geopolitical tensions and supply chain vulnerabilities have driven recent fragmentation of foreign direct investment (FDI). This paper provides systematic evidence of FDI fragmentation along ideological and geographic lines across five dimensions: shifting away from ideologically distant countries (ideological sorting), prioritizing politically aligned countries (friendshoring), reducing exposure to specific high-risk countries (derisking), moving production closer to the home country (nearshoring), and returning investment to the home country (reshoring). Measures of FDI based on ...