Search Results
Working Paper
Re-assessment of the relationship between real exchange rates and real interest rates: 1974-1990
The general view of the economics profession is that we can not explain exchange rate movements. However, some researchers still contend that the relationship between real interest rates and the real exchange rate is a useful framework for thinking about exchange rate movements. This paper asks whether there is such a systematic relationship and whether it is revealed by the data. In our attempt to find such a relationship we investigate whether the empirical results are conditional on: (1) the time period selected, (2) the choice of interest rate, (3) the measure of expected inflation, and ...
Working Paper
A new interpretation of the coordination problem and its empirical significance
In this paper, we discuss a new interpretation of what might be meant by the "coordination" of policies; in this interpretation, the policymakers are selecting a noncooperative solution rather than a cooperative solution. The new interpretation is suggested by the fact that games typically have a large number of Nash solutions, and players are not indifferent as to which occurs. The multiplicity of solutions may be due to information sharing and surveillance, the choice of policy instruments, or the adoption of reputational strategies in repeated versions of the game. The "coordination" ...
Working Paper
Purchasing power parity and uncovered interest rate parity: the United States 1974-1990
This paper examines the factors behind long-run movements of the dollar. Most recent work has concluded that structural exchange rate models explain only a small proportion of exchange rate movements. However, many economists still find the theory that links exchange rates and interest rates persuasive. We investigate the relationship between exchange rates, prices, and interest rates using multivariate maximum likelihood cointegration tests. In particular, we explicitly test for purchasing power parity and uncovered interest rate parity when using nominal exchange rates, and implicitly test ...
Working Paper
Foreign currency operations: an annotated bibliography
This paper is an annotated bibliography of recent research on foreign exchange market intervention. Most of the paper is devoted to empirical studies of the effectiveness of intervention. ; The paper describes the analytical framework within which most of this research has been conducted. Researchers have identified two principal channels through which sterilized intervention has its effects: the portfolio balance channel and the expectations or signalling channel. The great bulk of formal statistical tests of the effectiveness of sterilized intervention operating through the portfolio ...
Working Paper
The structure and properties of the FRB multicountry model.Part I: Model description and simulation results
The FRB Multicountry Model (MCM) is a linked system of five quarterly national macroeconometric models of the United States, Canada, Germany, Japan, and the United Kingdom. The MCM emphasizes international linkages, and has equations for trade in goods and services, investment income flows, and exchange rates. This paper documents the current version of the MCM. The paper describes the theoretical structure of the model, and presents the empirical estimation results. The paper also describes a series of simulations of fiscal and monetary policy scenarios and external shocks. A complete ...
Working Paper
A Simple Measure of the Intensity of Capital Controls
We propose a monthly measure of the intensity of capital controls across 29 emerging markets. Our measure, which is based on restrictions on foreign ownership of equities, provides information on the extent and evolution of financial liberalization. Using the measure, we show that a complete liberalization results in a much sharper decrease in the cost of capital than previously reported, but following a partial liberalization the cost of capital increases. Moreover, the more complete the liberalization is, the greater are the subsequent exchange rate appreciation and capital inflows.
Working Paper
An empirical analysis of policy coordination in the United States, Japan and Europe
Coordination of macroeconomic policy has been a major topic at recent summit meetings, and has been the subject of a number of theoretical studies. However, relatively little empirical research exists on policy coordination. This paper is an attempt to help fill this gap. The paper considers the quantitative importance of the coordination of fiscal and monetary policy under flexible exchange rates. We also evaluate the mechanisms by which the effects of macroeconomic policy are transmitted abroad. The nature of the equilibrium reached in the absence of coordination is also analyzed, and the ...