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Journal Article
The Recent Slowdown in Labor Supply and Demand
The pace of job growth cooled through mid-2025, while the unemployment rate rose relatively little. This seeming puzzle is explained by an even stepdown of labor supply and demand, meaning slowing labor force growth coincided with a slowdown in job growth. The recent decline in job growth is broad based across industries, suggesting a widespread softening of labor demand. For the labor force, recent declines are driven by changes in immigration flows and declining labor force participation. Together, these factors may signal some underlying fragility in the labor market.
Journal Article
Job-Finding Anomalies of the Current Expansion
Job-finding rates have declined over the past three years for people who are unemployed or are out of the labor force. Analysis shows that the decline in job finding for unemployed people has been pronounced for prime-age and college-educated individuals, while the decline in job finding for people who are out of the labor force has been driven by younger and less-educated individuals. These demographic patterns differ from job-finding rates during typical economic expansions and imply both a cooling and a restructuring within the labor market.