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Working Paper
Non-Bank Financial Institutions and Banks’ Fire-Sale Vulnerabilities
Banks carry significant exposures to nonbanks from direct dealings, but they can also be exposed, indirectly, through losses in asset values resulting from fire-sale events. We assess the vulnerability of U.S. banks to fire sales potentially originating from any of twelve separate non-bank segments and identify network-like externalities driven by the interconnectedness across non-bank types in terms of asset holdings. We document that such network externalities can contribute to very large multiples of an original fire sale, thus suggesting that conventional assessments of fire-sale ...
Conference Paper
Real effects of bank competition
Does banking market power contribute to the formation of nonfinancial industries populated by few, large firms, or does it instead enhance industry entry? Theoretical arguments could be made to support either side.
Discussion Paper
Trade-offs of Higher U.S. Tariffs: GDP, Revenues, and the Trade Deficit
In recent years, protectionist trade policies have gained momentum globally, reversing decades of increasing globalization. This shift is driven by growing skepticism about the benefits of free trade, national security concerns, geopolitical considerations, and efforts to enhance economic resilience in the wake of COVID-19.
Journal Article
Competitive analysis in banking: appraisal of the methodologies
How do we measure in the banking industry? This article provides an overview of the methodology currently used in competitive analysis and highlights an alternative techniques that could be used to complement this methodology. Given the ongoing process of consolidation in U.S. banking, assessing the competitiveness of financial services markets is an important issue for policymakers.
Journal Article
Competition among banks: good or bad?
What are the pros and cons of bank competition? This article presents an overview of the most recent research on the economic role of bank competition. Contrary to the received wisdom that competition in the banking industry is necessarily welfare enhancing, theoretical analyses and empirical evidence also identify possible negative economic effects. This broader view offers food for thought for regulators and policymakers.
Journal Article
Entry and competition in highly concentrated banking markets
This article studies conditions of entry and competitive conduct in highly concentrated banking markets. The author estimates the minimum market size at which a second bank, a third, a fourth, and so on, can enter and maintain long-run profitability. The results suggest no evidence of cartel-like behavior, where banks collude and maximize joint monopoly profits, even in markets with only two or three banks. The results are more consistent with the competitive conduct predicted by models of oligopolistic behavior.
Working Paper
The role of credit market competition on lending strategies and on capital accumulation
This paper examines the role of credit market competition in the dynamic of capital accumulation. It is shown that the lending relationship problem which seems to characterize competitive credit markets can have negative repercussions for capital accumulation. In contrast, monopoly power in banking can be beneficial for growth. A monopolist bank may lower the equilibrium quantity of credit, but it allows a better allocation of credit supply. This result reconciles with the available empirical evidence and suggests a positive role for monopoly power in banking, especially for developing ...
Conference Paper
Does bank concentration lead to concentration in industrial sectors?
Working Paper
Life-cycle dynamics in industrial sectors. The role of banking market structure
This paper analyzes the role of bank competition on the life-cycle dynamics of non-financial industries. Using multi-dimensional data sets, which contain information on job creation and destruction for establishments in U.S. manufacturing sectors operating in different geographical regions and over time, I find evidence that bank competition accelerates the expansion of start-ups and helps them to thrive while young. Once these establishments are mature, however, less competitive banking markets are more propitious. Specifically, mature establishments expand at higher rates and exit the ...