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Working Paper
Transparency, expectations, and forecasts
In 1994, the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) began to release statements after each meeting. This paper investigates whether the public?s views about the current path of the economy and of future policy have been affected by changes in the Federal Reserve?s communications policy as reflected in private sector?s forecasts of future economic conditions and policy moves. In particular, has the ability of private agents to predict where the economy is going improved since 1994? If so, on which dimensions has the ability to forecast improved? We find evidence that the individuals? forecasts ...
Journal Article
Post-Recession Labor Market Trends in the Fifth District
Journal Article
District digest: Economic trends across the region
Related Link:> https://www.richmondfed.org/-/media/richmondfedorg/publications/research/econ_focus/2013/q1/ef_q1_districtchart.jpg
Journal Article
Business Dynamics in the United States and the Fifth District
Working Paper
Using the Kalman filter to smooth the shocks of a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model
This paper shows how to use the Kalman filter (Kalman 1960) to back out the shocks of a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model. In particular, we use the smoothing algorithm as described in Hamilton (1994) to estimate the shocks of a sticky-prices and sticky-wages model using all the information up to the end of the sample.
Journal Article
District Digest: The Unconventional Oil and Gas Boom
Journal Article
District digest : Economic trends across the region
"The Roles of New and Existing Establishments in Employment in the Fifth District," article by R. Andrew Bauer, pg. 36-39
Journal Article
Smoothing the shocks of a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model
In some ways, the recession of 2001 and the recovery that followed it were unique: During the recession, the contraction in measured output was driven almost entirely by a retrenchment in business capital spending while consumer spending and residential investment remained positive. And the recovery was marked by moderate, uneven gross domestic product growth and job market weakness that were historically unusual. These events raise questions about the conventional wisdom on post?World War II business cycles. ; To help answer these questions, the authors use a general equilibrium model with ...
Discussion Paper
Why Businesses Say Tariffs Have a Delayed Effect on Inflation
Ever since new tariffs were enacted in early 2025, a key policy question has been what is the extent to which businesses will pass tariff costs through to prices, and when? The effects of a tariff are rarely straightforward, given, among other things, competitive dynamics and the challenges of implementation, but the historically large and changing nature of these tariffs have created additional levels of uncertainty over the effects.In uncertain times, anecdotal evidence from businesses can be especially insightful. We are learning how businesses are reacting to tariffs through the Richmond ...
Journal Article
Understanding Recent Trends in Labor Market Participation
District Digest: Understanding Recent Trends in Labor Market Participation