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Working Paper
Some tables of historical U.S. currency and monetary aggregates data
This paper includes revised and extended versions of tables of historical .S. currency and monetary aggregates data compiled for the forthcoming work: Susan B. Carter et.al., editors, Historical Statistics of the United States, Colonial Times to the Present, Millennial Edition. Three volumes. Cambridge University Press, forthcoming. These tables, in part, update and extend tables that previously appeared in the 1976 Bicentennial Edition of Historical Statistics, with new descriptive notes.
Journal Article
The financial services sector: boom and recession
The fluctuations in home construction (and prices) have been widely discussed, but swings in the financial services sector also are important elements of economic activity within U.S. states.
Journal Article
Currency design in the United States and abroad: counterfeit deterrence and visual accessibility
Despite the increasing use of electronic payments, currency retains an important role in the payment system of every country. In this article, the authors compare and contrast trade-offs among currency design features, including those primarily intended to deter counterfeiting and those to improve usability by the visually impaired. The authors conclude that periodic changes in the design of currency are an important aspect of counterfeit deterrence and that currency designers worldwide generally have been successful in efforts to deter counterfeiting. At the same time, currency designers ...
Journal Article
Replicability, real-time data, and the science of economic research: FRED, ALFRED, and VDC
This article discusses the linkages between two recent themes in economic research: "real time" data and replication. These two themes share many of the same ideas, specifically, that scientific research itself has a time dimension. In research using real-time data, this time dimension is the date on which particular observations, or pieces of data, became available. In work with replication, it is the date on which a study (and its results) became available to other researchers and/or was published. Recognition of both dimensions of scientific research is important. A project at the ...
Journal Article
U.S. currency at home and abroad
Journal Article
Doubling your monetary base and surviving: some international experience
The authors examine the experience of selected central banks that have used large-scale balance-sheet expansion, frequently referred to as ?quantitative easing,? as a monetary policy instrument. The case studies focus on central banks responding to the recent financial crisis and Nordic central banks during the banking crises of the 1990s; others are provided for comparison purposes. The authors conclude that large-scale balance-sheet increases are a viable monetary policy tool provided the public believes the increase will be appropriately reversed.
Journal Article
Meeting the Y2K demand for base money
Journal Article
Retail sweep programs and money demand
Journal Article
Whither the New Economy?
Journal Article
Real output in Switzerland: new estimates for 1914-47
In this article, Felix A, Andrist, Richard G. Anderson, and Marcela Williams provide, for the first time, an estimate of the real gross domestic product of Switzerland between 1914 and 1947. The estimate is obtained from published data on three other measures of Swiss economic activity during this period: net national product, industrial production, and the transport volume of Swiss railroads. These underlying series closely represent the economic growth of Switzerland; but, they also seem unreasonably volatile as proxy measures of total production, and hence, are filtered by moving averages. ...