Working Paper
Informal Work and Official Employment Statistics: What’s Missing?
Bracha, Anat; Burke, Mary A. (2023-09-01)
Using eight consecutive waves of the Survey of Informal Work Participation (SIWP) spanning 2015 through 2022, we investigate informal “gig” work participation in the United States— broadly defined to include online and offline activities—and its implications for the measurement of employment. Our results suggest that employment rates among US household heads were consistently understated in the Current Population Survey (CPS). Under conservative estimates, we find that the employment-to-population ratio would have been 0.25 to 1.1 percentage points higher over the 2015–2022 period ...
Working Papers , Paper 23-15

Speech
Remarks on the Outlook, Monetary Policy, and Supporting a Vibrant Economy
Collins, Susan M. (2023-03-30)
The following topics were covered: 1) financial stability; 2) monetary policy and the macroeconomic outlook; 3) financial infrastructure and payments services; and 4) community economic development and opportunity.
Speech

Speech
Opening Remarks for Sessions on Men and Women in the Workforce
Collins, Susan M. (2024-02-06)
The widely followed overall unemployment rate is the standard measure for the state of the U.S. labor market. But underneath that single statistic are wide-ranging differences across geographies, and demographic groups. No one statistic can adequately characterize the labor market because aggregate numbers can mask the wide range of experiences across people, sectors, and places. Uneven labor market outcomes call for a full and focused exploration, motivated by our duty to pursue the Fed’s maximum employment mandate.
Speech

Journal Article
Lessons from History, Policy for Today
Daly, Mary C. (2021-03-04)
Today’s economic challenges are different from the past, and it’s important to learn from history to achieve a better economic future for everyone. As the economy recovers from the effects of COVID-19, the Fed’s new policy framework retains vigilance against inflation while committing to not pull back the reins on the economy in response to a strong labor market.
FRBSF Economic Letter , Volume 2021 , Issue 07 , Pages 01-07