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Working Paper
Intra-household allocation and the mental health of children: structural estimation analysis
This paper estimates the structural parameters of a dynamic model where parents with one child periodically decide whether or not their child uses various mental health services. In this model, mental health services improve a child's mental health (which parents care about), however, mental health services may be costly to the parents both in terms of utility and household consumption. Using a panel data set collected as part of the Fort Bragg Mental Health Demonstration, we estimate the model with a maximum likelihood procedure that accounts for unobservable differences in mental health ...
Journal Article
Opinion: Investing in Women's Careers
In the early 2000s, only about 5 percent of all NBA players were from Europe. As of 2017, that number had risen to almost 14 percent. During this same period, the league's revenue grew from $2.5 billion to $7.4 billion, peaking in 2019 at $8.8 billion. Since that time, the NBA has invested in global talent on behalf of its teams, and it recently opened academies in Australia, India, Senegal, and Mexico. As a result, young athletes worldwide are choosing to play basketball and invest in their skills more often. The investment is paying off: The last five NBA MVP awards have gone to players ...
Working Paper
An analysis of women's return-to-work decisions following first birth
Women's labor force participation rate has increased sharply over the last two decades. The increase has been particularly dramatic for married women with young children suggesting that women are spending less time out of the labor force for child-bearing and rearing. Using the relatively detailed information available in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, this paper explores women's decisions to return to work within one year of the birth of their first child, focusing particularly on the effect of child care costs. Consistent with economic theory, women who face lower child care ...
Journal Article
Child Care, COVID-19, and our Economic Future
Child care is important for cultivating the future workforce, and it also ensures that working parents of today can participate in the economy, helping to achieve the Federal Reserve’s mandate for full employment. While child care in the U.S. is a piece of critical infrastructure, it is often invisible and undervalued. Straddling the lines between parenting, education, and small business, child care does not get the full attention and resources of any particular domain, and its contribution to the economy has been overlooked.Longstanding and widespread constraints in the child care sector ...
Journal Article
Family values: child care in the '90s
Journal Article
Corporations, child care, and changing times
Offering child-care benefits may improve a company's bottom line.
Estimating the Affordability of Child Care across U.S. States
Wages and child-to-staff ratios are key drivers of child care costs at licensed centers. A model shows the relationship between these factors and costs as a share of household income.
Working Paper
Does family structure affect children's educational outcomes?
In this paper we examine the effect of family structure on children?s educational outcomes by exploiting the sibling structure in the NLSY and NLSY-Child to control for unobserved heterogeneity across families and individuals. We also compare outcomes for children within the same family?stepchildren with their half-siblings in the same blended family who are the biological children of both parents. Using panel data methods to control for unobserved heterogeneity across families, we find that family structure effects are statistically insignificant. Finally, comparing half-siblings in our ...
Working Paper
Does Access to Free Pre-Kindergarten Increase Maternal Labor Supply?
We evaluate the effects of free pre-kindergarten (Pre-K) programs on the labor force participation of mothers. We use variation in Pre-K rules across all U.S. states, including income eligibility requirements in some states. To estimate the causal effects of access to Pre-K on labor supply, we exploit the panel aspect of the monthly Current Population Survey between 2002 and 2019. Specifically, we look at the change in labor market behavior of women when their child becomes age-eligible for Pre-K, controlling for individual factors. We find that access to free Pre-K programs increases overall ...
Child Care, School Disruptions Burden Working Parents
Despite the U.S. recovery, working parents continue to face the challenges of a disrupted labor market and the struggles of disrupted child care.