Report
A Framework for Studying the Monetary and Fiscal History of Latin America, 1960–2017
Kehoe, Timothy J.; Sargent, Thomas J.; Nicolini, Juan Pablo (2020-07-21)
We develop a conceptual framework for analyzing the interactions between aggregate fiscal policy and monetary policy. The framework draws on existing models that analyze sovereign debt crises and balance-of-payments crises. We intend this framework as a guide for analyzing the monetary and fiscal history of a set of eleven major Latin American countries—Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela—from the 1960s until now.
Staff Report , Paper 607

Report
Lessons from the Monetary and Fiscal History of Latin America
Kehoe, Timothy J.; Esquivel, Carlos; Nicolini, Juan Pablo (2020-07-27)
Studying the modern economic histories of eleven of the largest countries in Latin America teaches us that a lack of fiscal discipline has been at the root of most of the region's macroeconomic instability. The lack of fiscal discipline, however, takes various forms, not all of them measured in the primary deficit. Especially important have been implicit or explicit guarantees to the banking system; denomination of the debt in US dollars and short maturity of the debt; and transfers to some agents in the private sector, which are large in times of crisis and are not part of the budget ...
Staff Report , Paper 608