Forbearance during COVID-19: How Many Borrowers Used It, and for How Long?
Sanchez, Juan M.; Wilkinson, Olivia (2022-05-31)
Sixteen percent of individuals with mortgages used forbearance between April 2020 and December 2021. For those requesting mortgage relief, how long did forbearance last?
On the Economy

Journal Article
Foreclosure Rate Drops during COVID-19 despite Dip in On-Time Mortgage Payments
Sanchez, Juan M.; Wilkinson, Olivia (2021-06-04)
While on-time residential mortgage payments dropped drastically during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, most delinquent borrowers avoided foreclosure.
The Regional Economist

Journal Article
The Evolving Relationship between COVID-19 and Financial Distress.
Wilkinson, Olivia; Athreya, Kartik B.; Sanchez, Juan M.; Mustre-del-Rio, Jose (2021-02-24)
During most of the COVID-19 pandemic, regions with high financial distress saw disproportionately more infections and deaths than regions with low financial distress. As of February 2021, cumulative infections appear more evenly distributed. However, total deaths remain higher in financially distressed regions.
Economic Bulletin , Issue February 24, 2021 , Pages 3

Journal Article
How COVID-19 Has Affected the Municipal Bond Market
Sanchez, Juan M.; Wilkinson, Olivia (2020-10-22)
Between increased spending related to COVID-19, a delayed tax-filing deadline and lack of liquidity, March was a challenging month for the municipal bond market.
The Regional Economist , Volume 28 , Issue 4

Are Mortgages Becoming More Affordable?
Sanchez, Juan M.; Wilkinson, Olivia (2022-09-08)
U.S. households with preexisting mortgages have loan payments that are fixed. Wage growth means they spend a smaller share of income on housing.
On the Economy

Journal Article
The Economic Impact of COVID-19 around the World
Martin, Fernando M.; Sanchez, Juan M.; Wilkinson, Olivia (2023-04-10)
This article provides an account of the worldwide economic impact of the COVID-19 shock. In 2020, it severely impacted output growth and employment, particularly in middle-income countries. Governments responded primarily by increasing expenditure, supported by an expansion of the supply of money and debt. These policies did not put upward pressure on prices until 2021. International trade was severely disrupted across all regions in 2020 but subsequently recovered. For 2021, we find that the adverse effects of the COVID-19 shock on output and prices were significant and persistent, ...
Review , Volume 105 , Issue 2 , Pages 74-88

Journal Article
Tightening Monetary Policy and Patterns of Consumption
Sanchez, Juan M.; Wilkinson, Olivia (2023-02-09)
An analysis examines the behavior of personal consumption expenditures during five episodes of monetary policy tightening since 1990.
The Regional Economist

The Relationship between Wage Growth and Inflation, One Recession Later
Sanchez, Juan M.; Wilkinson, Olivia (2022-02-25)
Periods of high inflation generally are periods of low real wage growth. In the aftermath of the pandemic recession, is that still the case?
On the Economy

Journal Article
COVID-19 Death Gap by County Income Widened after Vaccine Availability
Sanchez, Juan M.; Wilkinson, Olivia (2022-03-11)
U.S. counties with the highest incomes had lower COVID-19 death rates than the lowest-income counties, with the gap widening in the pandemic’s second year.
The Regional Economist

The Pandemic's Impact on Municipal Bonds
Sanchez, Juan M.; Wilkinson, Olivia (2021-01-04)
Higher state and local expenditures related to COVID-19, a delayed tax-filing deadline and a lack of liquidity roiled the muni bond market in the early months of the pandemic.
On the Economy